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Exploring Cognitive Functions in Babies, Children & Adults with Near Infrared Spectroscopy
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Cortical tinnitus evaluation using functional near-infrared spectroscopy.

Mariana Lopes Martins1, Edgard Morya2, Liliane Kaline Araújo de Lima1

  • 1Department of Speech-Language Pathology, Federal University of Paraiba, João Pessoa, PB 58051-900, Brazil.

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Summary

Functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS) revealed no significant differences in brain activity between tinnitus patients and controls. Sound type and brain region influenced hemodynamic responses, but not tinnitus severity.

Keywords:
Diagnostic imagingFunctional neuroimagingHearing disordersNear-infrared spectroscopyTinnitus

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Medical Imaging
  • Auditory Science

Background:

  • Tinnitus, a prevalent auditory disorder, impacts quality of life.
  • Functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS) offers a non-invasive method to assess cortical hemodynamic responses.
  • Understanding tinnitus-related neural activity is crucial for developing effective treatments.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To compare oxy-hemoglobin and deoxy-hemoglobin concentration changes in individuals with and without tinnitus.
  • To investigate brain activity using fNIRS during auditory stimulation in tinnitus patients and controls.

Main Methods:

  • A cohort of 23 tinnitus patients and 23 controls underwent an auditory task.
  • fNIRS with 20 channels was used to monitor activity over frontal, temporal, and parietal cortices.
  • A block-paradigm design involved auditory stimuli interspersed with silence periods.

Main Results:

  • Significant differences in hemodynamic responses were observed based on sound type, brain region, and channel.
  • Tinnitus Frequency sound decreased HbO levels, while white noise and 1KHz increased them.
  • No significant differences in overall hemodynamic responses were found between the tinnitus and control groups.

Conclusions:

  • Sound type and brain region modulated hemodynamic responses, but not between groups.
  • Tinnitus loudness, annoyance, and severity showed a weak correlation with observed hemodynamic changes.
  • fNIRS did not reveal distinct cortical hemodynamic differences between individuals with and without tinnitus in this study.