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Urinary Tract Calculi III: Medical Management01:30

Urinary Tract Calculi III: Medical Management

The diagnosis of renal calculi involves several imaging techniques, including non-contrast CT scans and ultrasound. These methods help visualize kidney stones, assess their size and location, and detect possible obstructions. Additionally, Measuring urine pH is useful for diagnosing specific stone types, such as struvite (alkaline pH) and uric acid stones (acidic pH). Cystine stones are primarily linked to cystinuria, a genetic condition. A urinalysis helps detect blood in the urine (hematuria)...
Imaging Studies I: Kidney, Ureter, and Bladder Studies01:28

Imaging Studies I: Kidney, Ureter, and Bladder Studies

Kidney, Ureter, and Bladder (KUB) StudiesKidney, Ureter, and Bladder (KUB) studies are standard diagnostic imaging procedures used to assess the anatomy of the urinary system. They are commonly utilized for patients experiencing abdominal pain or urinary symptoms. By using a simple X-ray of the abdomen, KUB studies can reveal structural and pathological abnormalities within the kidneys, ureters, and bladder. These studies are particularly valuable in diagnosing kidney stones, urinary...
Imaging Studies II: Ultrasonography01:24

Imaging Studies II: Ultrasonography

IntroductionUltrasonography, or renal ultrasound, is a noninvasive medical imaging technique that uses high-frequency sound waves to visualize the kidneys, ureters, bladder, and surrounding tissues.Indications for Urinary System UltrasonographyUrinary system ultrasonography is indicated in various clinical scenarios, such as:Kidney Stones (Urolithiasis): To detect and monitor the size and presence of kidney or urinary tract stones.Hydronephrosis: To assess the dilation of the renal pelvis and...
Imaging Studies III: Computed Tomography01:27

Imaging Studies III: Computed Tomography

DefinitionComputed Tomography (CT) of the genitourinary (GU) tract is a non-invasive imaging modality that utilizes X-rays and computer processing to generate detailed cross-sectional images of the urinary system, encompassing the kidneys, ureters, bladder, and adjacent structures such as the adrenal glands.PurposeCT scans of the GU tract serve several diagnostic and therapeutic purposes, including:Diagnosis of Urinary Tract Diseases: Detects kidney stones, tumors, cysts, and congenital...
Imaging Studies IV: Magnetic Resonance Imaging01:27

Imaging Studies IV: Magnetic Resonance Imaging

Introduction:Magnetic Resonance Imaging, or MRI, can include a specialized imaging technique of the urinary system known as Magnetic Resonance Urography (MRU). This radiation-free technique uses strong magnetic fields and radio waves to produce detailed images with the help of a computer. MRU is particularly effective for visualizing fluid-filled structures like the kidneys, ureters, and bladder.Applications of MRI in the Genitourinary SystemKidneys and Ureters: MRI detects tumors, cysts,...
Imaging Studies V: Intravenous Urography and Retrograde Pyelography01:22

Imaging Studies V: Intravenous Urography and Retrograde Pyelography

IntroductionIntravenous Urography (IVU) and Retrograde Pyelography (RP) are important diagnostic imaging techniques used to evaluate the urinary system. These methods help identify structural abnormalities, obstructions, and functional issues in the kidneys, ureters, and bladder. Both procedures use iodine-based contrast media to enhance the visibility of urinary tract structures on X-ray images, though they differ in their methods and indications.1. Intravenous Urography (IVU)Intravenous...

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Early Detection of Drug-Induced Renal Hemodynamic Dysfunction Using Sonographic Technology in Rats
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A Pilot Study on Using an Artificial Intelligence Algorithm to Identify Urolith Composition through Abdominal

Rute Canejo-Teixeira1,2,3,4, Mariana Carvalho4, Gil Semião Teixeira5

  • 1Division of Clinical Radiology, Department of Clinical Veterinary Medicine, Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland.

Veterinary Radiology & Ultrasound : the Official Journal of the American College of Veterinary Radiology and the International Veterinary Radiology Association
|March 11, 2025
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

A new artificial intelligence (AI) tool, CALCurad, can predict canine urolith composition from radiographs with 81.3% accuracy. This AI application aids veterinarians in diagnosing urinary stones and guiding treatment decisions for dogs.

Keywords:
APPartificial Intelligenceradiographystruvitetreatmenturinary bladder stonesurolithiasis

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Area of Science:

  • Veterinary Medicine
  • Artificial Intelligence in Diagnostics
  • Urolithiasis Research

Background:

  • Urinary lithiasis is common in small animal practice, necessitating accurate urolith composition prediction for effective treatment.
  • Radiographic analysis of mineral radiopaque uroliths is complex, presenting an opportunity for artificial intelligence (AI) solutions.
  • The Minnesota Urolith Center developed the CALCurad AI algorithm for preliminary urolith assessment.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate the clinical accuracy of the CALCurad deep learning AI algorithm in predicting canine urolith composition.
  • To compare the AI-generated predictions with results from quantitative infrared spectroscopy analysis.
  • To assess the utility of the MN Urolith Application in veterinary practice.

Main Methods:

  • A pilot study involving 139 dogs with uroliths was conducted.
  • Abdominal radiographs were analyzed using the CALCurad AI algorithm within the MN Urolith Application.
  • CALCurad's predictions were compared against results from infrared spectroscopy.

Main Results:

  • The CALCurad AI algorithm achieved an 81.3% agreement with infrared spectroscopy for urolith composition prediction.
  • The algorithm provides the probability of a urolith being composed of struvite.
  • This indicates a high level of accuracy in a clinical context.

Conclusions:

  • The CALCurad AI tool demonstrates significant potential for accurately predicting canine urolith composition.
  • This AI-driven approach can assist veterinarians in selecting appropriate medical or surgical management strategies.
  • The application exemplifies the beneficial role of AI in veterinary clinical decision-making.