Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Equilibrium and Balance01:15

Equilibrium and Balance

4.3K
The inner ear assumes dual functionalities of auditory perception and equilibrium maintenance. The vestibule is the organ responsible for balance. This organ contains mechanoreceptors, specifically hair cells, endowed with stereocilia, which aid in deciphering information regarding the position and motion of our heads. Two intrinsic components, the utricle and saccule, help perceive head position, while the semicircular canals track head movement. Neurological messages initiated in the...
4.3K
Pathophysiology of Vomiting01:22

Pathophysiology of Vomiting

275
Vomiting is a complex physiological response to expel harmful or irritating substances from the body. It's a defensive mechanism triggered by stimuli like poisons, microbial toxins, cytotoxic drugs, and mechanical abdominal distension. The process is centrally coordinated by the vomiting (or emetic) center located in the medulla of the brainstem. This area, rich in muscarinic M1, histamine H1, neurokinin 1 (NK1), and serotonin 5-HT3 receptors, coordinates the act of vomiting through...
275
Major Somatic Sensory Pathways01:28

Major Somatic Sensory Pathways

848
Sensory impulses related to touch, pressure, vibration, and proprioception from various body parts, such as the limbs, trunk, neck, and posterior head, travel to the cerebral cortex through the posterior column-medial lemniscus pathway. The pathway’s name derives from the two white-matter tracts that convey the impulses: the spinal cord's posterior column and the brainstem's medial lemniscus. First-order sensory neurons extend their axons into the spinal cord, forming the...
848
The Vestibular System01:29

The Vestibular System

39.3K
The vestibular system is a set of inner ear structures that provide a sense of balance and spatial orientation. This system is comprised of structures within the labyrinth of the inner ear, including the cochlea and two otolith organs—the utricle and saccule. The labyrinth also contains three semicircular canals—superior, posterior, and horizontal—that are oriented on different planes.
39.3K
Indirect Motor Pathways01:22

Indirect Motor Pathways

1.4K
The indirect motor or extrapyramidal pathways originate in the brainstem, the lower portion of the brain that connects it to the spinal cord. They consist of several distinct tracts, each with specialized functions. The four main tracts of the indirect motor pathways are the vestibulospinal tract, the reticulospinal tract, the tectospinal tract, and the rubrospinal tract.
The vestibulospinal tract originates in the vestibular nuclei of the brainstem. The vestibular system detects changes in...
1.4K
Overview of Somatic Sensory Pathways01:29

Overview of Somatic Sensory Pathways

4.0K
Somatic sensory or somatosensory pathways refer to the neural pathways that carry information related to touch, pressure, pain, temperature, and proprioception from the skin, muscles, tendons, and joints to the brain. These pathways involve several stages of processing and integration of sensory information.
The somatosensory system is divided into three main pathways: the dorsal (or posterior) column-medial lemniscus, spinothalamic (or anterolateral), and spinocerebellar pathways.
The dorsal...
4.0K

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Relapsing polychondritis presenting as bilateral acute angle closure: an unusual diagnostic challenge.

BMC ophthalmology·2025
Same author

Advanced Nanosystems and Emerging Therapies: Innovations in Tuberculosis Treatment and Drug Resistance.

Pharmaceutics·2025
Same author

Transcriptome analysis unveils the intricate dynamics of senescence responses in Himalayan treeline species, <i>Betula utilis</i>.

Journal of genetics·2025
Same author

Left Ventricular Functional Changes after Ross Procedure in Children and Adolescents.

Pediatric cardiology·2025
Same author

Cyanobacterial bioformulations enhance growth and stress resilience in maize genotypes under moisture-limited conditions.

World journal of microbiology & biotechnology·2025
Same author

Transition between prediabetic and diabetic stages in an urban community in india: a decade-long retrospective cohort study.

Journal of diabetes and metabolic disorders·2025

Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 23, 2025

Using Unidirectional Rotations to Improve Vestibular System Asymmetry in Patients with Vestibular Dysfunction
05:02

Using Unidirectional Rotations to Improve Vestibular System Asymmetry in Patients with Vestibular Dysfunction

Published on: August 30, 2019

7.1K

Central Pathologies Imitating Peripheral Causes of Vertigo.

Divya Sethi1,2, Uma Patnaik3,4, Vikas Sharma5

  • 1Command Hospital, Kolkata, India.

Indian Journal of Otolaryngology and Head and Neck Surgery : Official Publication of the Association of Otolaryngologists of India
|March 11, 2025
PubMed
Summary

Differentiating central vertigo from peripheral vestibular disorders is crucial for early diagnosis. Careful history, examination, and imaging help identify central causes mimicking peripheral conditions, improving patient management.

Keywords:
CentralNeuroimagingNystagmusPeripheral vestibularVertigo

More Related Videos

Assessment of Static Graviceptive Perception in the Roll-Plane using the Subjective Visual Vertical Paradigm
06:30

Assessment of Static Graviceptive Perception in the Roll-Plane using the Subjective Visual Vertical Paradigm

Published on: April 28, 2020

5.7K
Surgical Treatment of an Endolymphatic Sac Tumor
04:34

Surgical Treatment of an Endolymphatic Sac Tumor

Published on: May 26, 2023

564

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: May 23, 2025

Using Unidirectional Rotations to Improve Vestibular System Asymmetry in Patients with Vestibular Dysfunction
05:02

Using Unidirectional Rotations to Improve Vestibular System Asymmetry in Patients with Vestibular Dysfunction

Published on: August 30, 2019

7.1K
Assessment of Static Graviceptive Perception in the Roll-Plane using the Subjective Visual Vertical Paradigm
06:30

Assessment of Static Graviceptive Perception in the Roll-Plane using the Subjective Visual Vertical Paradigm

Published on: April 28, 2020

5.7K
Surgical Treatment of an Endolymphatic Sac Tumor
04:34

Surgical Treatment of an Endolymphatic Sac Tumor

Published on: May 26, 2023

564

Area of Science:

  • Neurology
  • Otolaryngology
  • Diagnostic Imaging

Background:

  • Vertigo is a common symptom with diverse causes, including peripheral vestibular disorders and central nervous system pathologies.
  • Differentiating central vertigo from peripheral vestibular diseases is clinically challenging but essential for timely and appropriate management.
  • Peripheral vestibular disorders, such as Benign Paroxysmal Positional Vertigo (BPPV), are common, but central lesions can mimic these presentations.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate methods for distinguishing central vertigo that mimics peripheral vestibular diseases.
  • To emphasize the importance of thorough history taking, clinical examination, and imaging for early diagnosis and management of central vertigo.

Main Methods:

  • An observational study conducted over two years in Armed Forces hospitals.
  • Inclusion of patients of all age groups presenting with vertigo, including those with recurrent symptoms.
  • Utilized history, physical examination (including HINTS testing), and imaging (e.g., MRI) for diagnosis.

Main Results:

  • Out of 147 patients, 140 had symptoms of peripheral vestibular dysfunction.
  • Seven patients with symptoms mimicking peripheral dysfunction were diagnosed with central pathologies (Cerebral Venous Thrombosis, Cerebello Pontine Angle Tumour, Posterior Circulation Stroke, Vascular Loops) via imaging.
  • Key distinguishing features for central positional vertigo (CPPV) versus BPPV included additional neurological symptoms/signs and failed repositioning response.

Conclusions:

  • Central vertigo can mimic peripheral vestibular disorders, necessitating careful clinical assessment to avoid diagnostic biases.
  • Neurological signs/symptoms and lack of sustained response to repositioning maneuvers are crucial indicators of central pathology.
  • Specific nystagmus patterns (apogeotropic horizontal or isolated positional downbeat) are red flags for central positional vertigo.