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The post-orchiectomy systemic inflammatory index is associated with tumor characteristics in clinical stage I germ cell tumors

  • 02nd Department of Oncology, Faculty of Medicine, Comenius University and National Cancer Institute, Bratislava, Slovakia.
Frontiers in Oncology +

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March 11, 2025

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March 11, 2025

View abstract on PubMed

Summary

This summary is machine-generated.

This study found that post-orchiectomy systemic inflammatory index (SII) and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) levels may help predict relapse risk in clinical stage I germ cell cancer (GCT) patients. These markers could improve risk stratification for better treatment decisions.

Area Of Science

  • Oncology
  • Biomarkers
  • Cancer Research

Background

  • Clinical stage I germ cell cancer (GCT) has a significant relapse rate after orchiectomy, risking overtreatment with adjuvant therapy.
  • Current prognostic biomarkers like lymphovascular invasion (LVI) and tumor histology offer limited value in treatment decisions.
  • Assessing systemic inflammatory index (SII) and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) may provide additional prognostic information.

Purpose Of The Study

  • To evaluate the prognostic impact of SII and LDH in combination with clinicopathological factors for clinical stage I GCT patients.
  • To identify potential biomarkers for improved risk stratification and personalized treatment strategies.

Main Methods

  • Retrospective analysis of 159 clinical stage I GCT patients managed with active surveillance.
  • Collected clinicopathological data and post-orchiectomy blood samples (within 3 months) for SII and LDH assessment.
  • Utilized dichotomized biomarker values (low/high based on median) for survival analysis.

Main Results

  • Relapse-free survival was 81.3% in seminoma (SGCT) and 69.0% in non-seminoma (NSGCT) at 2 years.
  • Lymphovascular invasion (LVI) in NSGCT was associated with inferior relapse-free survival (RFS).
  • Higher SII levels correlated with LVI and advanced stage in both SGCT and NSGCT. Higher LDH was linked to embryonal carcinoma predominance in NSGCT.

Conclusions

  • This study is the first to demonstrate associations between post-orchiectomy SII/LDH and outcomes in clinical stage I GCT.
  • These inflammatory markers show potential for improving risk stratification in GCT patients.
  • Further validation in larger cohorts is warranted to confirm their utility in clinical decision-making.

Keywords: