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Myelin Oligodendrocyte Glycoprotein MOG35-55 Induced Experimental Autoimmune Encephalomyelitis EAE in C57BL/6 Mice
Published on: April 15, 2014
Case Report: MOGAD - a steroid-responsive autoimmune meningoencephalitis mimicking infection
Yihui Goh1, Priscillia Pei Shi Lye2, Paul Anantharajah Tambyah2,3,4
1Division of Neurology, Department of Medicine, National University Hospital, Singapore, Singapore.
This case series shows that myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein associated disease (MOGAD) can mimic infectious meningoencephalitis. Early MOG antibody testing is crucial for diagnosing this steroid-responsive condition.
Area of Science:
- Neuroimmunology
- Neurology
- Infectious Diseases
Background:
- Distinguishing infectious meningoencephalitis from other inflammatory neurological disorders can be challenging.
- Myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein associated disease (MOGAD) is an autoimmune condition affecting the central nervous system.
- Mimicking infectious etiologies complicates the early diagnosis of MOGAD.
Observation:
- Three patients presented with symptoms similar to infectious meningoencephalitis.
- These patients ultimately received a diagnosis of MOGAD.
- Typical MOGAD radiological findings like cerebral cortical encephalitis were absent in these cases.
- Focal neurological and electroencephalographic abnormalities were present.
Findings:
- MOGAD can present with clinical features indistinguishable from infectious meningoencephalitis.
- Absence of classic MOGAD imaging findings does not exclude the diagnosis.
- Focal neurological deficits and EEG changes can be key indicators.
Implications:
- Consider MOG antibody testing in aseptic meningoencephalitis cases.
- Early diagnosis of MOGAD is vital for appropriate treatment initiation.
- Timely diagnosis impacts patient outcomes in this steroid-responsive condition.
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