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Adolescent Risk Factors for Adult Pre-Pregnancy Obesity and High Gestational Weight Gain: A Longitudinal Study
Susan M Mason1, Kriszta Farkas1, Lisa M Bodnar2
1Division of Epidemiology and Community Health, University of Minnesota School of Public Health, Minneapolis, Minnesota, USA.
Paediatric and Perinatal Epidemiology
|March 11, 2025
Summary
Adolescent risk factors like obesity and body dissatisfaction are linked to pre-pregnancy obesity and gestational weight gain. Supporting adolescent health may improve perinatal outcomes.
Area of Science:
- Reproductive Health
- Adolescent Health
- Obesity Research
Background:
- Adolescent risk factors influence adult health, but their impact on pregnancy health is understudied.
- Longitudinal data is crucial for understanding long-term health trajectories from adolescence to adulthood.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate associations between adolescent risk factors and pre-pregnancy obesity.
- To assess links between adolescent risk factors and high gestational weight gain (GWG).
Main Methods:
- A longitudinal cohort study followed women from adolescence (ages 11-18) into adulthood.
- Participants reported on various adolescent risk factors; pre-pregnancy BMI and GWG were recalled 20 years later.
- Modified Poisson regression models analyzed associations, adjusting for sociodemographics and using imputation for outcome misclassification.
Main Results:
- 18% of women had pre-pregnancy obesity and 26% experienced high GWG.
- Adolescent overweight/obesity, body dissatisfaction, and unhealthy weight control behaviors were significantly associated with pre-pregnancy obesity.
- Associations between adolescent factors and high GWG were less precise but suggested potential links with overweight/obesity and binge eating.
Conclusions:
- Risk markers for pre-pregnancy obesity and potentially high GWG can emerge during adolescence.
- Interventions supporting adolescent health and well-being may positively impact perinatal weight-related health.
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