SP1 regulates porcine primary adipocyte differentiation by modulating BAMBI transcriptional activity

Obesity is a critical metabolic disorder in modern society, necessitating urgent research and intervention. Compared to mice, pigs are increasingly been recognized as valuable model organisms for such studied due to their closer genetic similarity to humans. The BAMBI gene plays a pivotal role in adipocyte differentiation and adipose tissue development, rendering it a potent target for exploring the mechanisms of obesity and related metabolic disorders. This study conducted an in-depth exploration of the intricate regulatory mechanisms governing the BAMBI gene, with a particular emphasis on the transcription factor SP1. Our experiments strongly provided that SP1 modulates BAMBI transcription by directly binding to its promoter. Using primary porcine adipocytes, we further demonstrated that SP1 regulates adipocyte differentiation occurs via the BAMBI gene. These findings enhance understanding of the critical role played by the BAMBI gene in adipocyte differentiation and establish a theoretical foundation for novel therapeutic strategies targeting obesity and type 2 diabetes. Importantly, this study emphasizes the potential of SP-BAMBI pathways in interventions within the context of metabolic diseases, addressing the global challenges posed by obesity and its associated complications.