Colorectal cancer knowledge and screening awareness in Syria: a cross-sectional study

Area of Science:

• Oncology
• Public Health
• Epidemiology

Background:

• Colorectal cancer (CRC) is a global health concern, ranking as the third most common cancer worldwide.
• Rising CRC incidence in developing nations is linked to lifestyle and dietary changes.
• In Syria, CRC is the second most prevalent cancer, with low screening rates exacerbated by conflict.

Purpose of the Study:

• To assess knowledge of colorectal cancer (CRC) among the Syrian population.
• To evaluate awareness of CRC screening methods within Syria.
• To inform targeted prevention and early detection strategies.

Main Methods:

• A cross-sectional online survey was administered to 772 participants across six Syrian governorates.
• Data collected via self-administered questionnaires distributed through social media platforms.
• Statistical analyses included Chi-square tests and multinomial regression to identify knowledge determinants.

Main Results:

• Only 27.8% of participants felt informed about CRC; 54.8% had heard of colonoscopy, but only 15.4% had undergone it.
• Significant knowledge deficits were observed regarding CRC's link to polyps, dietary factors, and aspirin's protective role.
• Higher awareness was noted in individuals aged 50+, with better knowledge associated with higher education and economic status; males showed greater awareness than females.

Conclusions:

• Substantial gaps in CRC knowledge and screening awareness necessitate integration into Syrian national health policies.
• Developing targeted public health campaigns, fostering nonprofit partnerships, and utilizing media are crucial for bridging knowledge deficits.
• Future research should employ longitudinal and comparative designs to overcome current study limitations and guide effective interventions.