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Related Concept Videos

Asthma-I: Introduction01:29

Asthma-I: Introduction

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Asthma is a chronic respiratory ailment that requires careful management due to its varying symptoms and influencing factors. It is characterized by airway inflammation, bronchial hyperresponsiveness, and reversible airflow obstruction, leading to symptoms like wheezing, shortness of breath, chest tightness, and coughing. The symptom frequency and intensity may vary considerably over time. It is also linked to immune system responses to allergens and irritants, highlighting the complex...
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Asthma-II: Pathophysiology and Classification01:26

Asthma-II: Pathophysiology and Classification

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Asthma is a prevalent chronic respiratory condition marked by inflammation and hyperresponsiveness of the airways. Its pathophysiology involves complex interactions among inflammatory pathways, immune responses, and neural mechanisms.
Additionally, environmental and genetic factors play crucial roles in determining an individual's susceptibility to asthma and the severity of their condition.
Critical processes in asthma pathophysiology include:
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Global Climate Change01:50

Global Climate Change

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Throughout its ~4.5 billion year history, the Earth has experienced periods of warming and cooling. However, the current drastic increase in global temperatures is well outside of the Earth’s cyclic norms, and evidence for human-caused global climate change is compelling. Paleoclimatology, the study of ancient climate conditions, provides ample evidence for human-caused global climate change by comparing recent conditions with those in the past.
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Asthma: Pathogenesis and Management01:20

Asthma: Pathogenesis and Management

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Asthma is a chronic pulmonary condition involving inflammation of the airways, hyper-reactivity, and reversible obstruction of the airways. This condition can significantly impact a person's quality of life, making breathing difficult and leading to distressing symptoms.
Asthma is classified as allergic and non-allergic. Allergens such as dust mites, pollen, and pet dander trigger allergic asthma, while factors like cold air, intense emotions, or exercise can induce non-allergic asthma.
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Asthma-IV: Diagnostic and Management01:30

Asthma-IV: Diagnostic and Management

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The diagnosis and management of asthma are comprehensive, encompassing clinical assessments, lung function tests, and pharmacological interventions. Here's an overview:
Clinical Assessment for Asthma:
This is the first step in diagnosing and managing asthma. It includes:
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What is Climate?01:16

What is Climate?

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Climate refers to the prevailing weather conditions in a specific area over an extended period. As the saying goes, “Climate is what you expect. Weather is what you get.” Climate is influenced by geographic factors, such as latitude, terrain, and proximity to bodies of water.
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 23, 2025

Murine Model of Allergen Induced Asthma
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Novel Approach Methodologies in Modeling Complex Bioaerosol Exposure in Asthma and Allergic Rhinitis Under Climate

Esra Atalay-Sahar1, Ece Yildiz-Ozturk2, Su Ozgur1,3

  • 1Translational Pulmonary Research Center (EgeSAM), Ege University, Izmir, Türkiye.

Expert Reviews in Molecular Medicine
|March 12, 2025
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Climate change and air pollution worsen asthma and allergies by altering bioaerosols. Novel New Approach Methodologies (NAMs) offer advanced insights into these complex respiratory health issues.

Keywords:
NAMsair pollutionairway diseasesallergyasthmaclimate changefunguspollen

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Symptom Assessment of Patients with Allergic Rhinitis Using an Allergen Exposure Chamber
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Area of Science:

  • Environmental Health
  • Immunology
  • Toxicology

Background:

  • Climate change and air pollution significantly increase respiratory diseases like asthma and allergic rhinitis.
  • Industrial pollutants and warming alter natural bioaerosols (pollen, fungi), increasing their allergenic potential.
  • Exacerbated asthma and rising allergic disease prevalence are linked to these environmental modifications.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the potential of New Approach Methodologies (NAMs) in researching airway diseases, focusing on allergy and asthma.
  • To highlight NAMs' advantages in studying bioaerosol-pollutant interactions under climate change.
  • To address current gaps and challenges in NAMs for environmental health research.

Main Methods:

  • Utilizes New Approach Methodologies (NAMs) including precision-cut lung slices (PCLS), air-liquid interface (ALI) cultures, and lung-on-a-chip models.
  • Integrates data from NAMs with computational models for enhanced understanding.
  • Critically evaluates the application and limitations of these innovative models.

Main Results:

  • NAMs provide superior insights into environmental factor influences on asthma and allergies compared to traditional models.
  • These models accurately simulate pollutant-bioaerosol-respiratory system interactions.
  • NAMs demonstrate improved preclinical outcomes: higher throughput, reduced cost, and enhanced reproducibility.

Conclusions:

  • NAMs are crucial for understanding complex bioaerosol structures and their health impacts in polluted environments.
  • These advanced models facilitate better translation of research findings into clinical applications for airway diseases.
  • Further development is needed to overcome existing challenges and fully leverage NAMs in environmental respiratory health research.