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Published on: April 14, 2016
Development of a Situation-Specific Biopsychosocial Model of Pain in Heart Failure
Asa B Smith1, Miyeon Jung, Fletcher A White
1Author Affiliations: School of Nursing (Drs Smith, Jung, and Pressler). Department of Anesthesia (Dr White), School of Medicine, Indiana University, Indianapolis, Indiana; School of Nursing (Dr Dorsey), University of Maryland Baltimore, Baltimore, Maryland; and Department of Psychiatry and Michigan's Alzheimer's Disease Research Center (Dr Giordani), University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan.
Abstract:
Theories of pain have been developed in several patient populations, but none currently exist for heart failure (HF) that include contributing factors and associated outcomes. We developed a situation-specific theory of pain in HF by adapting the biopsychosocial model of pain. Existing theoretical and empirical literature in HF samples was utilized to construct the new theory. Components, contributing factors, and associated outcomes of pain in HF are presented in the new theory. Areas in need of additional research are emphasized, and strengths and limitations are discussed. This theory could provide a foundation for future pain research initiatives in HF. Key words : pain, heart failure, theoretical model.
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