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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 5, 2026

Preparation of Monodomain Liquid Crystal Elastomers and Liquid Crystal Elastomer Nanocomposites
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Topologically reconfigurable nematic emulsions.

Saikat Das1, Seyednejad Seyed Reza2, Simon Čopar2

  • 1School of Physics, University of Hyderabad, Hyderabad 500046, India.

Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
|March 12, 2025
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Researchers created novel emulsions using liquid crystals and oil droplets, achieving controllable, diverse droplet shapes without surfactants. This breakthrough enables the design of advanced materials for various applications.

Keywords:
elastic multipolesemulsion dropletsfusionliquid crystalstopological defects

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Area of Science:

  • Materials Science
  • Soft Matter Physics
  • Colloid and Interface Science

Background:

  • Controlling droplet morphology in multicomponent fluid emulsions is crucial for advanced applications but remains challenging.
  • Liquid crystal-based emulsions exhibit unique anisotropic interactions due to surface anchoring, analogous to multipole interactions, but precise control is difficult.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop a novel emulsion system for in situ control and manipulation of droplet diversity.
  • To achieve spontaneous conic surface anchoring in silicone oil droplets within a nematic liquid crystal, forming elastic hexadecapoles without surfactants.

Main Methods:

  • Investigated silicone oil droplets in a nematic liquid crystal to induce spontaneous conic surface anchoring.
  • Demonstrated reversible anchoring transitions (conic degenerate, tangential, homeotropic) with temperature changes.
  • Introduced a design principle for creating three-phase compound droplets by fusing oil and glycerol droplets with controlled elastic properties.

Main Results:

  • Spontaneous conic degenerate surface anchoring was observed in oil-in-liquid crystal emulsions, forming elastic hexadecapoles without surfactants.
  • Reversible transitions between conic degenerate, tangential, and homeotropic anchoring were achieved by altering temperature.
  • Successfully created diverse three-phase compound droplets with unique morphologies and topologies by fusing droplets with different elastic properties.

Conclusions:

  • The developed emulsion system offers a new pathway for on-demand design of engineered emulsions.
  • This approach provides building blocks for reconfigurable composite materials with tunable properties.
  • The ability to control interfacial phenomena in liquid crystal emulsions opens avenues for advanced material design.