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Area of Science:

  • Biophysics
  • Microfluidics
  • Cellular Dynamics

Background:

  • Cell and particle translocation through constrictions is vital in biological processes like splenic filtration and tumor metastasis.
  • The influence of particle stiffness on translocation dynamics in nonequilibrium states is not well understood.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the effect of particle stiffness on translocation dynamics in microfluidic channels using a multiscale model.
  • To understand how particle deformability and elasticity affect movement through geometric constrictions.

Main Methods:

  • Development of a multiscale model to simulate particle translocation.
  • Analysis of particle behavior under varying stiffness, flow rates, particle size, and particle-plate interactions.

Main Results:

  • Semielastic particles demonstrate superior translocation compared to softer or rigid particles.
  • A nonmonotonic stiffness dependence was observed for highly deformable particles.
  • Translocation time exhibits crossover behaviors influenced by flow rate, particle size, and interactions.
  • Particle deformation, including shape transitions (pancake-like to ellipsoidal), regulates dynamics by controlling frictional forces.

Conclusions:

  • Particle stiffness and deformability are critical determinants of translocation dynamics in microfluidic channels.
  • The balance of forces, influenced by particle shape and elasticity, explains nonmonotonic translocation behavior.
  • Findings offer insights for designing microfluidic devices for cell separation and diagnostics based on elasticity.