MOF-based nanomaterials for advanced aqueous-ion batteries

Metal-organic frameworks (MOFs)-based nanomaterials have great potential in the field of electrochemical energy storage due to their abundant pore size, high specific surface area, controllable structure and porosity, and homogeneous metal center. MOFs complexes and derivatives not only inherit the original morphology characteristics of MOFs but also provide excellent electrochemical performance. Batteries operating in aqueous electrolytes are cheaper, safer, and have higher ionic conductivity than those operating in conventional organic electrolytes. Therefore, it is useful to summarize the MOFs that should be used for aqueous electrochemical energy storage devices. This manuscript firstly introduces the composition and energy storage mechanism of aqueous Li/Na/Zn ion batteries. In addition, a detailed review of the development of MOFs-based nanomaterials and their commonly used characterization under aqueous conditions is presented. The relationship between the structure and composites of MOFs-based nanomaterials and electrochemical performance is highlighted. The applications of MOFs composites in aqueous batteries in terms of electrode materials and electrolytes are presented and summarized. Finally, research directions and perspectives for MOFs-based nanomaterials in advanced aqueous batteries are presented.