Association between Dental Variables and Hashimoto's Disease: A Retrospective Cohort Study

Area of Science:

• Oral Health
• Endocrinology
• Immunology

Background:

• Hashimoto's thyroiditis is an autoimmune disease affecting the thyroid gland.
• Dental, endodontic, and periodontal health may be influenced by systemic conditions.
• Understanding these links is crucial for comprehensive patient care.

Purpose of the Study:

• To compare dental, endodontic, and periodontal status in patients with Hashimoto's disease versus healthy controls.
• To investigate the relationship between dental variables and Hashimoto's disease.

Main Methods:

• A case-control study involving 85 patients with Hashimoto's thyroiditis and 85 matched healthy controls.
• Data collected from medical and dental records, including digital panoramic radiographs.
• Statistical analysis included Mann-Whitney U test, chi-squared test, and regression analyses.

Main Results:

• Participants with Hashimoto's disease showed significantly less secondary caries compared to controls.
• Periodontal disease was significantly more prevalent in patients with Hashimoto's disease (68.2%) than in healthy patients (45.9%).
• Hashimoto's disease increased the risk of periodontal disease (OR=3.14), and periodontal disease increased the risk of Hashimoto's (OR=2.54).

Conclusions:

• A positive relationship exists between periodontal disease and Hashimoto's thyroiditis.
• The findings suggest a potential bidirectional association between these conditions.
• Further research is warranted to elucidate the underlying mechanisms.