Bioactive bacterial cellulose/chitosan/sodium alginate composite film functionalized with Moringa oleifera seed...

In this study, composite films (BC/Ch/SA/EEMS) were fabricated using the casting method by incorporating bacterial cellulose (BC), chitosan (Ch), and sodium alginate (SA) with ethanolic Moringa seed extract (EEMS). HPLC analysis detected 16 polyphenolic compounds in EEMS, with Rutin (59.56 μg/mL) the most abundant, while GC-MS analysis identified 11-octadecenoic acid (88.35 %) as the predominant compound. The minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of EEMS was approximately 0.015 mg/mL for S. typhimurium, while S. mutans and C. albicans shared a MIC value of 0.062 mg/mL. The BC/Ch/SA/EEMS composite films were characterized using SEM, XRD, and FT-IR, confirming the successful incorporation of EEMS, which appeared as white spots within the composite. The composite films exhibited broad-spectrum antimicrobial activity, particularly against S. typhimurium and S. aureus, with the 2 % EEMS-loaded film demonstrating the highest efficacy. In vitro anticancer evaluations revealed significant cytotoxic effects against HepG-2 liver and MDA breast cancer cell lines, with Film 2 (2 % EEMS) exhibiting the highest selectivity index. Molecular docking analysis further highlighted Kaempferol and Syringic acid as potential drug candidates due to their strong binding affinities with key cancer-associated proteins. The novelty of this study lies in integrating of EEMS into a biopolymer matrix with promising biomedical applications.