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Related Concept Videos

Drug Delivery Systems: Different Types01:27

Drug Delivery Systems: Different Types

Conventional oral drug products, termed immediate-release (IR) formulations, are engineered to promptly release their active pharmaceutical ingredient (API) upon ingestion, typically in tablets or capsules. This rapid release often results in swift drug absorption and consequent pharmacodynamic effects, although the timing and intensity can vary depending on the drug's properties. Prodrugs within these formulations require metabolic conversion to activate their pharmacodynamic effects,...
Modified-Release Drug Delivery Systems: Site-Targeted01:24

Modified-Release Drug Delivery Systems: Site-Targeted

Site-targeted drug delivery systems enhance therapeutic efficacy while minimizing systemic toxicity and treatment costs. Unlike conventional methods, these systems ensure precise drug delivery, improving bioavailability and reducing side effects. Targeted drug delivery is classified into three levels. First-order targeting directs drugs to the capillary beds of specific organs or tissues. Second-order targets specific cell types, such as tumor cells, using receptor-mediated interactions.
Transdermal Drug Delivery Systems01:18

Transdermal Drug Delivery Systems

Transdermal drug delivery systems (TDDS) enable the controlled release of drugs across the skin into systemic circulation. They are particularly advantageous for drugs with short half-lives or narrow therapeutic indices, as they maintain consistent plasma concentrations and reduce the risk of subtherapeutic or toxic levels.TDDS are categorized into monolithic, reservoir, and mixed systems. Monolithic systems embed the drug in a polymer matrix, where diffusion governs release. Reservoir systems...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jul 10, 2026

Hollow Microneedle-based Sensor for Multiplexed Transdermal Electrochemical Sensing
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Rapidly separable bubble microneedle-patch system present superior transdermal mRNA delivery efficiency.

Jiayu Wu1, Jun Zuo2, Wei Dou1

  • 1Department of Pharmacy & State Key Laboratory of Complex Severe and Rare Disease, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100730, People's Republic of China; Bioinformatics Center of AMMS, Beijing, People's Republic of China.

International Journal of Pharmaceutics
|March 12, 2025
PubMed
Summary

This study introduces a novel bubble microneedle patch for room-temperature stable mRNA vaccines. This transdermal delivery system improves mRNA vaccine stability and accessibility, offering a minimally invasive alternative to traditional injections.

Keywords:
Dissolvable microneedleLipid nanoparticleSARS-CoV-2mRNA vaccine

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Area of Science:

  • Biotechnology
  • Materials Science
  • Immunology

Background:

  • Traditional mRNA vaccines in lipid nanoparticles (mRNA-LNP) face challenges like cryopreservation needs, painful injections, and liver aggregation.
  • Dissolvable microneedles (DMNs) offer minimally invasive transdermal delivery but struggle with mRNA-LNP instability during solidification.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop a rapidly dissolvable bubble microneedle patch (bMNP) system for stable transdermal delivery of mRNA-LNP.
  • To enhance mRNA-LNP stability at room temperature and enable targeted lymph node delivery.

Main Methods:

  • Formulation of microneedles using polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) and trehalose as matrix materials.
  • Development of a bubble microneedle patch (bMNP) with air bubbles for dorsal scale separation.
  • In vivo evaluation using mRNA encoding SARS-CoV-2 spike protein.

Main Results:

  • Improved mRNA-LNP stability, allowing room temperature storage for over one month.
  • Demonstrated dorsal scale separation and effective in vivo lymph node targeting.
  • Induction of significant spike-specific IgG antibodies, neutralizing antibodies, and a Th1-polarized T cell response.

Conclusions:

  • The bubble microneedle patch (bMNP) system provides a stable, room-temperature-storable, and effective transdermal delivery platform for mRNA vaccines.
  • This strategy offers a promising alternative route for mRNA delivery, potentially improving vaccine accessibility and patient compliance.