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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 22, 2025

Two Techniques to Create Hypoparathyroid Mice: Parathyroidectomy Using GFP Glands and Diphtheria-Toxin-Mediated Parathyroid Ablation

Two Techniques to Create Hypoparathyroid Mice: Parathyroidectomy Using GFP Glands and Diphtheria-Toxin-Mediated Parathyroid Ablation

Published on: March 14, 2017

Persistence and Recurrence of Primary Hyperparathyroidism.

Rasha A Y Alnajmi¹, Dalal S Ali¹, Aliya A Khan¹

¹Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada.

Best Practice & Research. Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism

|March 12, 2025

Summary

Persistent and recurrent primary hyperparathyroidism (PHPT) pose management challenges. Diagnosis involves biochemical evaluation and imaging, with surgery or medical therapy as treatment options for this complex endocrine disorder.

Keywords:

multiglandular disease persistent primary hyperparathyroidism recurrent primary hyperparathyroidism reoperative parathyroidectomy

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Establishment of a Simple and Effective Rat Model for Intraoperative Parathyroid Gland Imaging

Establishment of a Simple and Effective Rat Model for Intraoperative Parathyroid Gland Imaging

Published on: August 17, 2022

Area of Science:

Endocrinology
Surgical Oncology
Medical Diagnostics

Background:

Persistent and recurrent primary hyperparathyroidism (PHPT) present significant clinical challenges after initial treatment.
These conditions are characterized by persistent or recurring hypercalcemia following parathyroidectomy (PTX).
Etiologies include missed/ectopic glands, multiglandular disease, surgeon inexperience, parathyromatosis, and parathyroid carcinoma.

Purpose of the Study:

To review the etiology, diagnostic strategies, and management options for persistent and recurrent PHPT.
To emphasize the importance of accurate diagnosis and multidisciplinary care for optimizing patient outcomes.

Main Methods:

Comprehensive biochemical evaluation and exclusion of other hypercalcemia causes.
Utilizing advanced imaging modalities such as ultrasound, SPECT-CT, 4D-CT, 18F-Fluorocholine PET/CT, and PET/MRI for gland localization.
Review of surgical and medical management strategies, including repeat parathyroidectomy and pharmacotherapy.

Main Results:

Accurate diagnosis relies on a combination of biochemical tests, imaging, and differential diagnosis.
Preoperative imaging is crucial for guiding repeat surgery in persistent or recurrent PHPT.
Repeat surgery carries higher risks and necessitates experienced surgical teams.

Conclusions:

Effective management of persistent and recurrent PHPT requires a thorough diagnostic workup and tailored treatment approach.
Multidisciplinary collaboration is essential for improving outcomes in patients with complex hyperparathyroidism.
Surgical intervention, when feasible, remains a primary treatment, with medical management as an alternative.