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Ovarian Cancer in Women with Intellectual Disability: Current Data.

Brigitte Trétarre1,2,3, Daniel Satgé2,4

  • 1Registre des Tumeurs de l'Hérault, 298 Rue des Apothicaires, 34090 Montpellier, France.

Cancers
|March 13, 2025
PubMed
Summary

Ovarian cancer (OC) may be as common in women with intellectual disability (ID) as in the general population, often diagnosed late. Germ cell tumors are more frequent in younger individuals with ID, while carcinomas occur in adults.

Keywords:
cancer symptomsdiagnosis delayintellectual disabilityovarian cancertreatment difficulties

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Area of Science:

  • Oncology
  • Intellectual Disability Research
  • Epidemiology

Background:

  • Ovarian cancer (OC) is a significant health concern.
  • Intellectual disability (ID) can present unique challenges in healthcare, including cancer diagnosis and management.
  • Understanding OC incidence and presentation in women with ID is crucial for early detection and improved outcomes.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate the incidence and characteristics of ovarian cancer (OC) in women with intellectual disability (ID).
  • To compare OC presentation in women with ID to the general population.
  • To identify challenges in diagnosing OC in women with ID.

Main Methods:

  • A comprehensive literature review of 72 articles was conducted.
  • Data from epidemiological studies, institutional experiences, and case reports were analyzed.
  • The Hérault Tumor Registry (HTR) data for women with ID was incorporated.

Main Results:

  • 41 cases of OC were identified, with 29 (74%) being germ cell tumors in younger individuals and 4 (10%) being ovarian carcinomas in adults.
  • The HTR showed six OC cases and one borderline tumor in adult women with ID (>45 years), with no reported cancer in children or adolescents with ID.
  • OC in adults with ID was diagnosed at advanced stages; symptoms were similar to the general population, but diagnosis was complicated by communication difficulties and unusual pain expression.

Conclusions:

  • Ovarian cancer (OC) may occur with similar frequency in women with intellectual disability (ID) as in the general population, often diagnosed at a late stage.
  • Germ cell OC is more prevalent in girls and adolescents with ID, whereas carcinomas are reported in adult women with ID.
  • The Hérault Tumor Registry data suggests a pattern in adult women with ID similar to the general population regarding OC, with no cases in children with ID.