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Updated: May 22, 2025
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Infrared Thermography for the Detection of Changes in Brown Adipose Tissue Activity
Published on: September 28, 2022
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Clinical Assessment of Dairy Goats' Udder Health Using Infrared Thermography
Vera Korelidou1, Zeljana Grbovic2, Dejan Pavlovic2
1Laboratory of Anatomy and Physiology of Farm Animals, Department of Animal Science, School of Animal Biosciences, Agricultural University of Athens (AUA), Iera Odos 75 Str., 11855 Athens, Greece.
Animals : an Open Access Journal From MDPI
|March 13, 2025
Summary
Infrared thermography (IRT) shows potential for detecting udder health changes in goats, particularly chronic conditions like fibrosis. However, teat surface temperature (TSST) is unreliable, and further research is needed for broad clinical application.
Area of Science:
- Veterinary Medicine
- Animal Health
- Diagnostic Imaging
Background:
- Udder health is crucial for goat productivity and welfare.
- Non-invasive diagnostic tools are needed for on-site assessment.
- Infrared thermography (IRT) offers a potential non-contact method for evaluating thermal changes.
Purpose of the Study:
- To evaluate the efficacy of infrared thermography (IRT) for in situ assessment of udder health in goats.
- To correlate skin surface temperature variations with specific udder conditions like fibrosis, asymmetry, and abscesses.
- To determine the influence of lactation stage and recording season on udder temperature measurements.
Main Methods:
- Two epidemiological studies involving 106 and 132 Skopelos goats, respectively.
- Prospective monitoring over one lactation and a cross-sectional study.
- Categorization of udder health status (healthy, fibrotic, asymmetric, abscessed) and measurement of udder surface temperature (USST) and teat surface temperature (TSST).
Main Results:
- Fibrosis, especially with asymmetry, significantly decreased maximum, mean, and minimum USST (p < 0.001).
- Recording season (February-August) significantly increased both USST and TSST (p < 0.001).
- TSST was found to be an unreliable indicator of udder health; abscesses showed distinct temperature patterns based on developmental stage.
Conclusions:
- IRT shows potential for detecting temperature alterations associated with chronic udder health issues in goats.
- USST, but not TSST, can indicate chronic conditions like fibrosis and asymmetry.
- Further studies with larger, diverse goat populations and various udder conditions are required to confirm IRT's extensive clinical applicability.
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