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DIA/SWATH-Mass Spectrometry Revealing Melanoma Cell Proteome Transformations with Silver Nanoparticles: An Innovative
Simona Martano1, Jakub Faktor2, Sachin Kote2
1Department of Mathematics and Physics "Ennio De Giorgi", University of Salento, Via Arnesano, 73100 Lecce, Italy.
International Journal of Molecular Sciences
|March 13, 2025
Summary
Green synthesized silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) offer a selective and eco-friendly approach to combat melanoma. This study reveals their targeted action against cancer cells, unlike traditional AgNPs, highlighting a sustainable therapeutic potential.
Area of Science:
- Nanomedicine
- Cancer Biology
- Green Chemistry
Background:
- Melanoma exhibits increasing incidence and mortality due to treatment resistance.
- Silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) show promise in cancer therapy by inducing apoptosis.
- Conventional AgNPs lack selectivity, harming healthy cells alongside cancerous ones.
Purpose of the Study:
- To develop and evaluate green-synthesized AgNPs for targeted melanoma treatment.
- To compare the antitumor selectivity of green AgNPs versus traditional colloidal AgNPs.
- To elucidate the molecular mechanisms underlying the effects of green AgNPs on melanoma cells.
Main Methods:
- Green synthesis of AgNPs using plant extracts.
- Quantitative proteomics using label-free Data-Independent Acquisition/Sequential Window Acquisition of All Theoretical Mass Spectrometry (DIA/SWATH MS).
- Assessment of AgNP effects on A375 melanoma cells and HaCaT keratinocytes.
Main Results:
- Green AgNPs demonstrated selective reduction of melanoma cell viability, sparing healthy keratinocytes.
- Traditional colloidal AgNPs did not exhibit this selective antitumor effect.
- Proteomic analysis revealed green AgNPs downregulated oncogenes, modulated carbohydrate metabolism, and disrupted copper homeostasis in melanoma cells.
Conclusions:
- Green synthesized AgNPs represent a sustainable and selective therapeutic strategy for melanoma.
- The study provides the first proteomic insights into the differential effects of green versus traditional AgNPs on melanoma.
- Green AgNPs show significant potential for targeted cancer therapy with reduced side effects.
