Development of eugenol-fortified fisetin-loaded nano-invasomes gel

The goal of current investigation was to develop eugenol-fortified fisetin nano-invasomes. Fisetin-loaded invasomes were prepared using thin film hydration procedure and evaluated for various parameters. Additionally, the optimised fisetin invasomes formulation (F5) was converted to fisetin invasomes gel using Carbopol^® as gelling agent and evaluated for pH, spreadability, homogeneity, drug content, in vitro fisetin release, antioxidant activity and stability study.Prepared optimised fisetin invasomes formulation (F5) demonstrated vesicles size, PDI, zeta potential and entrapment efficiency of 153.85 ± 14.32 nm, 0.208 ± 0.042, -12.67 ± 1.08 mV and 72.10 ± 6.36%. The TEM image indicated that the prepared invasomes vesicles are intact, spherical and found in the range of nanosized scale. Prepared fisetin invasomes gel showed better spreadability and in vitro fisetin released in contrast to fisetin control gel. Substantial improvement in the DPPH radical scavenging activity of fisetin invasomes gel 44.70% (3.1 µM) and 83.94% (50 µM), was noted as compared to the control gel at 39.47% (3.1 µM) and 79.10% at (50 µM). The prepared fisetin invasomes gel formulation was found stable at 4 °C.Based on the results, prepared invasomes gel formulation was found as a viable method for better delivery of bioactive compound(s) including fisetin.