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"That's Definitely a Red Flag": Sexual Violence Risk Perception by Men who have Sex with Men Using Dating and Sexual
Megan Korovich1, Alexandra Nicoletti1, Marta Bettinelli1
1Department of Psychology, Rowan University, 201 Mullica Hill Road, Glassboro, NJ 08028 USA.
Sexuality & Culture
|March 13, 2025
Summary
Men who have sex with men (MSM) use dating and sexual networking (DSN) apps, increasing their risk for sexual violence (SV). MSM identify "flags" to assess SV risk from potential partners on these apps.
Area of Science:
- Public Health
- Sociology
- Psychology
Background:
- Sexual violence (SV) disproportionately affects men who have sex with men (MSM).
- Dating and sexual networking (DSN) apps are commonly used by MSM for partner acquisition, increasing SV risk.
- Understanding perceived risk factors on DSN apps is crucial for SV prevention among MSM.
Purpose of the Study:
- To examine partner characteristics that MSM perceive as associated with sexual violence (SV) risk on dating and sexual networking (DSN) apps.
- To identify how MSM evaluate potential partners for SV risk within DSN app environments.
Main Methods:
- Two virtual semi-structured focus groups were conducted with 14 men who have sex with men (MSM) aged 18-30.
- Participants discussed their experiences with DSN apps and attributes of potentially risky partners.
- Qualitative analysis identified perceived SV risk cues used by MSM.
Main Results:
- Three levels of perceived sexual violence (SV) risk cues were identified: yellow flags (engagement cues), orange flags (warning signs), and red flags (danger indicators).
- MSM utilize these "flags" to assess and navigate SV risk when interacting with potential partners on DSN apps.
- These flags represent a framework for evaluating partner risk in online dating environments.
Conclusions:
- MSM actively employ a system of perceived risk cues ("flags") to manage sexual violence (SV) risk on dating and sexual networking (DSN) apps.
- Further research should validate these perceived risk attributes and explore interventions to enhance safe DSN app navigation skills for MSM.
- Developing targeted prevention strategies based on these perceived risk factors can potentially reduce SV victimization among MSM.
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