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Chaotic Direct Ink Writing (ChDIW) of Hybrid Hydrogels: Implication for Fabrication of Micro-ordered Multifunctional

Shakiba Samsami1, Zahra Monsef Khoshhesab1, Juan Felipe Yee-de León2

  • 1Department of Chemical Engineering, Waterloo Institute for Nanotechnology, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, Ontario, N2L 3G1, Canada.

Small Methods
|March 13, 2025
PubMed
Summary

Researchers developed a novel 3D printing method, chaotic flows with direct ink writing (ChDIW), to create multifunctional hybrid materials. This technique enables the precise design of complex, layered structures with tunable properties for advanced applications.

Keywords:
chaotic flowsdirect ink writingelectromagnetic interference shieldingmultilayered cryogelmultimaterial printing

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Area of Science:

  • Materials Science
  • Soft Matter Engineering
  • Additive Manufacturing

Background:

  • Modern technologies require advanced materials with multiple functionalities.
  • Material hybridization is a key strategy for developing such materials.
  • Nature-inspired design can lead to innovative material solutions.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To introduce a multi-scale material design approach using chaotic flows with direct ink writing (ChDIW).
  • To produce 3D-shaped hybrid materials with tunable microscale architectures and diverse functionalities.
  • To evaluate the electromagnetic interference shielding performance of the developed cryogels.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized chaotic flows combined with direct ink writing (ChDIW) for material fabrication.
  • Engineered predictable multilayered filaments with tunable internal architectures using a single printhead.
  • Incorporated different nanomaterials into distinct layers to impart specific functionalities like electrical conductivity and magnetism.
  • Controlled microscale pore morphology to create dual-pore networks within cryogel filaments.

Main Results:

  • Successfully fabricated 3D-printed hydrogels and cryogels with electrical conductivity and magnetism.
  • Achieved precise control over microscale pore morphology, forming dual-pore networks with large interfacial areas.
  • Demonstrated compatibility of ChDIW with various hydrogels, provided rheological properties are managed.
  • Evaluated electromagnetic interference shielding, revealing an absorption-dominant mechanism with a high absorption coefficient (0.71).

Conclusions:

  • The ChDIW approach offers a simple yet effective method for creating complex, multifunctional hybrid materials.
  • This technique opens new possibilities in soft matter and cryogel engineering.
  • The developed materials show promise for applications such as electromagnetic interference shielding.