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Related Concept Videos

Long-term Depression01:05

Long-term Depression

Long-term depression, or LTD, is one of the ways by which synaptic plasticity—changes in the strength of chemical synapses—can occur in the brain. LTD is the process of synaptic weakening that occurs over time between pre and postsynaptic neuronal connections. The synaptic weakening of LTD works in opposition to synaptic strengthening by long-term potentiation (LTP) and together are the main mechanisms that underlie learning and memory.
Long-term Depression01:03

Long-term Depression

Long-term depression, or LTD, is one of the ways by which synaptic plasticity—changes in the strength of chemical synapses—can occur in the brain. LTD is the process of synaptic weakening that occurs over time between pre and postsynaptic neuronal connections. The synaptic weakening of LTD works in opposition to synaptic strengthening by long-term potentiation (LTP) and together are the main mechanisms that underlie learning and memory.
Calcium Ion Concentration Mechanism
If over time, all...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 22, 2026

A Multimodal Imaging- and Stimulation-based Method of Evaluating Connectivity-related Brain Excitability in Patients with Epilepsy
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Functional Connectivity in Chronic Schizophrenia: An EEG Resting-State Study with Corrected Imaginary Phase-Locking.

Christophe Domingos1,2, Wiktor Więcławski1, Sandra Frycz1,3

  • 1Institute of Psychology, Jagiellonian University, Krakow, Poland.

Brain and Behavior
|March 13, 2025
PubMed
Summary

This study reveals that schizophrenia involves abnormal long-range brain connectivity, particularly in theta and beta/gamma bands, using a novel electroencephalography (EEG) analysis. These findings may offer new biomarkers for chronic schizophrenia detection.

Keywords:
EEGfunctional connectivityphase locking valuepower spectrumresting‐stateschizophrenia

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Psychiatry
  • Biomarkers

Background:

  • Schizophrenia is a complex disorder with altered brain functional connectivity.
  • Electroencephalography (EEG) studies show inconsistent results due to volume-conduction effects.
  • A novel functional connectivity metric, corrected imaginary phase locking value (ciPLV), minimizes these effects.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To explore network dynamics in schizophrenia using ciPLV.
  • To provide a more reliable estimate of sensor-space functional network connectivity.
  • To identify potential biomarkers for chronic schizophrenia.

Main Methods:

  • Cross-sectional design.
  • Resting-state EEG recordings from 30 individuals with chronic schizophrenia and 30 healthy controls (aged 18-55).
  • Analysis using corrected imaginary phase locking value (ciPLV).

Main Results:

  • Schizophrenia shows excess theta power (4-8 Hz) in centroparietal regions.
  • Significant alterations in inter- and intra-hemispheric connectivity were observed.
  • Connectivity changes occurred between frontotemporal regions (theta band) and frontoparietal regions (beta/gamma bands).

Conclusions:

  • Schizophrenia exhibits long-range electrophysiological connectivity abnormalities independent of spectral power.
  • Distinct hemispheric differences in frontotemporo-parietal networks were noted.
  • These alterations may serve as promising biomarkers for chronic schizophrenia.