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Functions of polymorphonuclear (PMN) leukocytes of patients with lymphoproliferative diseases
Abstract:
PMN leukocytes from untreated patients with multiple myeloma (MM), Hodgkin's disease (HD) and non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL) were studied in vitro for their phagocytic and chemotactic function. Alkaline phosphatase score and the reduction of nitroblue tetrazolium (NBT) in these leukocytes were also determined. Most of the functions of PMN leukocytes from untreated patients with MM were impaired, compared to control leukocytes, while those from patients with HD and NHL were impaired only in their chemotactic response to casein and endotoxin-activated serum (EAS).
Insights
Polymorphonuclear (PMN) leukocytes from multiple myeloma (MM) patients showed impaired function. Patients with Hodgkin
Area of Science:
- Hematology
- Immunology
- Oncology
Background:
- Leukocyte dysfunction is observed in various hematologic malignancies.
- Understanding immune cell function in untreated cancers is crucial for prognosis.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the phagocytic and chemotactic functions of polymorphonuclear (PMN) leukocytes in patients with multiple myeloma (MM), Hodgkin's disease (HD), and non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL).
- To assess alkaline phosphatase score and nitroblue tetrazolium (NBT) reduction in leukocytes from these patient groups.
Main Methods:
- In vitro analysis of PMN leukocyte phagocytosis and chemotaxis.
- Determination of alkaline phosphatase score and NBT reduction.
- Comparison with control leukocytes.
Main Results:
- PMN leukocytes from untreated MM patients exhibited significantly impaired phagocytic and chemotactic functions compared to controls.
- PMN leukocytes from untreated HD and NHL patients showed impaired chemotaxis towards casein and endotoxin-activated serum (EAS), but other functions remained largely intact.
- Alkaline phosphatase score and NBT reduction varied across patient groups.
Conclusions:
- Multiple myeloma is associated with a broad impairment of PMN leukocyte functions.
- Hodgkin's disease and non-Hodgkin lymphoma primarily affect the chemotactic response of PMN leukocytes.
- These findings highlight differential impacts of hematologic malignancies on innate immune cell function.