Evaluation of the antiangiogenic effect of AMG232 in multiple myeloma coculture systems

This study explored the efficacy of AMG232, a potent and selective MDM2 inhibitor, as an antiangiogenic agent in a multiple myeloma (MM) cell line (AMO-1) cocultured with endothelial cells (HUVECs) in vitro. HUVECs and AMO-1 cells were cocultured in transwell systems. Cell viability was assessed through an MTT assay after exposure to various concentrations of AMG232. Following treatment, gene expression changes were analyzed via quantitative real-time PCR. Wound healing and tube formation assays were also conducted to quantify the effects on cell migration and angiogenesis. AMG232 showed dose-dependent cytotoxicity in AMO-1 cells (IC₅₀ = 386.1 nM), whereas HUVECs were moderately sensitive (IC₅₀= 942.1 nM). In coculture, both cell types displayed increased resistance to AMG232, indicating a protective cell-cell interaction. Treatment with 250-nM AMG232 significantly downregulated the mRNA expression of angiogenic factors-including VEGF-A, VEGFR-2, MMP-2, IL-6, and HIF-1α-in both AMO-1 cells and HUVECs (P < 0.05). Wound healing assays revealed that AMG232 markedly inhibited HUVEC migration, with significantly reduced wound closure rates at 24 and 48 h compared with the controls (P < 0.01). Tube formation assays further revealed that AMG232 substantially decreased angiogenesis in HUVECs, as evidenced by reductions in junction number, mesh number, and total tube length (P < 0.01). Our research revealed that AMG232 effectively inhibited angiogenesis and exhibited cytotoxic effects on MM cells by downregulating key angiogenic factors and impairing endothelial cell functions. These results suggest that AMG232 has significant potential as a therapeutic agent for targeting angiogenesis in MM treatment.