Mycobacteroides abscessus: Identification and Treatment Challenges

Cutaneous mycobacterial infections present an ongoing challenge in terms of diagnosis and treatment options. Accurate diagnosis of cutaneous mycobacterial infections can take eight weeks, and they often provide few medication options. Increasing antibiotic resistance limits treatment options, especially by mouth. Negative diagnostic tests such as biopsies, serology, and cultures in the presence of a cutaneous mycobacterial infection are common and could prolong the diagnosis. This report highlights key features, including the atypical appearance of discharge, the eruption of an adjacent abscess with potential sinus tract formation, and lack of pain in discomfort that is often seen in cellulitis. The purpose of this case report is to discuss the lengthy process from suspected diagnosis to treatment, as well unanticipated challenges such as laboratory errors, to assist clinicians in prompt decision making.