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In-vitro and in-vivo activities of antimicrobial agents against Acinetobacter calcoaceticus
Abstract:
The virulence of clinical isolates of Acinetobacter calcoaceticus subsp. anitratus was studied in mice, and in-vitro and in-vivo activities of several antimicrobial agents were evaluated. In in-vitro susceptibility testings, tetracyclines, aminoglycosides, and peptide were highly sensitive, and minocycline and doxycycline were the most active of 21 antibiotics tested against 84 clinical isolates of Acin. calcoaceticus. Virulence tests for mice revealed that some strains exhibited high virulence with LD50 values between 10(3) and 10(4) viable cells/mouse. Against lethal and urinary tract infections produced by Acin. calcoaceticus Ac-54 strain in mice, minocycline, doxycycline, gentamicin, and dibekacin, which were highly active in vitro, were effective.
Insights
This study investigated Acinetobacter calcoaceticus virulence in mice and tested antimicrobial effectiveness. Minocycline and doxycycline showed high efficacy against virulent strains and infections in mice.
Area of Science:
- Microbiology
- Infectious Diseases
- Pharmacology
Background:
- Acinetobacter calcoaceticus subsp. anitratus is a significant opportunistic pathogen.
- Understanding its virulence and antibiotic susceptibility is crucial for effective treatment.
Purpose of the Study:
- To evaluate the virulence of clinical Acinetobacter calcoaceticus subsp. anitratus isolates in a mouse model.
- To assess the in vitro and in vivo efficacy of various antimicrobial agents against this bacterium.
Main Methods:
- Virulence was assessed in mice using LD50 determination for clinical isolates.
- In vitro antibiotic susceptibility testing was performed on 84 clinical isolates.
- In vivo efficacy was evaluated against lethal and urinary tract infections in mice.
Main Results:
- Some Acinetobacter calcoaceticus subsp. anitratus strains demonstrated high virulence (LD50: 10^3-10^4 cells/mouse).
- Minocycline and doxycycline exhibited the highest in vitro activity among 21 tested antibiotics.
- Minocycline, doxycycline, gentamicin, and dibekacin were effective in vivo against infections caused by Acinetobacter calcoaceticus.
Conclusions:
- Clinical isolates of Acinetobacter calcoaceticus subsp. anitratus can be highly virulent.
- Minocycline and doxycycline are promising agents for treating Acinetobacter calcoaceticus infections, supported by in vitro and in vivo data.