Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Hormones and Bone Tissue01:17

Hormones and Bone Tissue

2.5K
The endocrine system produces and secretes hormones, which interact with the skeletal system. These hormones control bone growth, maintain bone once it is formed, and remodel it.
Hormones That Influence Osteoblasts and/or Maintain the Matrix
Several hormones are necessary for controlling bone growth and maintaining the bone matrix. The pituitary gland secretes growth hormone (GH), which, as its name implies, controls bone growth. This happens in several ways: first, it triggers chondrocyte...
2.5K
Bone Remodeling01:40

Bone Remodeling

38.1K
Bone remodeling is a continuous and balanced process of bone resorption by osteoclasts and bone formation by osteoblasts. In adults, it helps maintain bone mass and calcium homeostasis. While mechanical stress can stimulate turnover as part of the normal maintenance and reparative process, several hormones also regulate bone remodeling.
38.1K
Osteoclasts in Bone Remodeling01:31

Osteoclasts in Bone Remodeling

2.8K
Osteoclasts are cells responsible for bone resorption and remodeling. They originate from hematopoietic progenitor cells present in the bone marrow. Numerous progenitor cells fuse to form multinucleated cells, each with 10-20 nuclei. A single osteoclast has a diameter of 150 to 200 µM. These cells have ruffled borders that break down the underlying bone tissue and release minerals such as calcium into the blood in bone resorption. Osteoclasts cling to bones with their ruffled edges during...
2.8K
TGF - β Signaling Pathway01:16

TGF - β Signaling Pathway

7.2K
The TGF-β signaling pathway regulates cell growth, differentiation, adhesion, motility, and development. TGF-β ligands that induce TGF-β signaling are synthesized in their latent form. Several proteases or cell surface receptors such as integrins act upon the latent form, releasing the active ligand. There are three types of mammalian TGF-βs: (TGF-β1, TGF-β2, and TGF-β3) that bind as homodimers or heterodimers to TGF-β receptors. The TGF-β receptors...
7.2K
Role of Hematopoietic Growth Factors01:28

Role of Hematopoietic Growth Factors

1.2K
Hematopoietic growth factors are molecules that regulate the differentiation rate of hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs). Erythropoietin (EPO), primarily produced by the kidneys, plays a crucial role in erythrocyte production. When oxygen levels in the blood are low, EPO is released into the bloodstream, reaching the bone marrow, where it stimulates HSCs to differentiate and mature into erythrocytes, which are vital for oxygen transport.
Thrombopoietin (TPO), mainly released by the liver,...
1.2K
T Cell Types and Functions01:24

T Cell Types and Functions

740
When T cells with CD4 markers are activated, they give rise to two types of effector cells: helper T cells and regulatory T cells. Meanwhile, T cells with CD8 markers differentiate into effector cytotoxic T cells. The differentiation of CD4 T cells into helper T cell subsets, such as Th1, Th2, and Th17 cells, is dependent on the antigen type, antigen-presenting cell, and regulatory cytokines.
Th1 cells stimulate dendritic cells to express necessary co-stimulatory molecules on their surfaces for...
740

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

CSF1R regulates monocyte subset differentiation and intracellular metabolism.

Nature communications·2026
Same author

Tetraploidy in cancer: Diagnostic and therapeutic perspectives.

Biochemical pharmacology·2026
Same author

Differential diagnosis within primary molar retention: Characteristics of primary eruption failure versus primary retention of a single tooth

L' Orthodontie francaise·2026
Same author

Factor VIII restores bone parameters and modulates muscle proteo-metabolome in Factor VIII knockout male mice.

Bone research·2026
Same author

<i>Atg5</i>/Autophagy inactivation in mouse bone microenvironment promotes tumor development.

Autophagy·2026
Same author

Deciphering the interaction between osteosarcoma and mesenchymal stem cells in a 3D bone-mimetic co-culture model.

Biomedicine & pharmacotherapy = Biomedecine & pharmacotherapie·2026

Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 22, 2025

Osteoclast Derivation from Mouse Bone Marrow
06:17

Osteoclast Derivation from Mouse Bone Marrow

Published on: November 6, 2014

24.0K

Interleukin-34 orchestrates bone formation through its binding to bone morphogenic proteins.

Javier Muñoz-Garcia1,2, Jorge W Vargas-Franco3, Kristina Schiavone4

  • 1Nantes University, CNRS, US2B, UMR 6286, Nantes, France, 44300.

Theranostics
|March 14, 2025
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Interleukin-34 (IL34) is crucial for bone development by regulating osteoclasts and osteoblasts. This study reveals IL34 interacts with Bone Morphogenetic Proteins (BMPs), uncovering new therapeutic targets for bone diseases.

Keywords:
bone homeostasisdevelopmentosteoblastogenesisosteoclastogenesisprotein docking

More Related Videos

Bone Conditioned Medium: Preparation and Bioassay
07:18

Bone Conditioned Medium: Preparation and Bioassay

Published on: July 8, 2015

11.0K
Real-Time Imaging of CCL5-Induced Migration of Periosteal Skeletal Stem Cells in Mice
06:10

Real-Time Imaging of CCL5-Induced Migration of Periosteal Skeletal Stem Cells in Mice

Published on: September 16, 2020

2.2K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: May 22, 2025

Osteoclast Derivation from Mouse Bone Marrow
06:17

Osteoclast Derivation from Mouse Bone Marrow

Published on: November 6, 2014

24.0K
Bone Conditioned Medium: Preparation and Bioassay
07:18

Bone Conditioned Medium: Preparation and Bioassay

Published on: July 8, 2015

11.0K
Real-Time Imaging of CCL5-Induced Migration of Periosteal Skeletal Stem Cells in Mice
06:10

Real-Time Imaging of CCL5-Induced Migration of Periosteal Skeletal Stem Cells in Mice

Published on: September 16, 2020

2.2K

Area of Science:

  • Developmental Biology
  • Molecular Biology
  • Bone Biology

Background:

  • The precise role of Interleukin-34 (IL34), a ligand for macrophage colony stimulating factor receptor (MCSFR), during development remains incompletely understood.
  • IL34, alongside MCSF, is vital for macrophage differentiation and activation, influencing tissue-specific macrophage populations.
  • IL34's interaction with MCSFR and potential cofactors suggests complex regulatory roles in development.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the developmental functions of IL34 by creating IL34-deficient animal models.
  • To elucidate the molecular mechanisms underlying IL34's role in osteoclast and osteoblast regulation.
  • To identify novel molecular partners of IL34 involved in bone homeostasis.

Main Methods:

  • Generation of zebrafish and mouse models with suppressed IL34 expression.
  • Skeletal analysis using histology and micro-computed tomography (Micro-CT).
  • In vitro assays for osteoclast/osteoblast differentiation, including mineralization, TRAP staining, receptor phosphorylation, and gene expression analysis (qRT-PCR).
  • Protein interaction studies using surface plasmon resonance and molecular docking (ClusPro).

Main Results:

  • IL34 deficiency led to significant growth delays, hypo-mineralization, and craniofacial abnormalities in mice.
  • Absence of IL34 resulted in increased osteoclast numbers and accumulation of pre-osteoblasts.
  • Direct interaction between IL34 and Bone Morphogenetic Proteins (BMPs) was identified, modulating BMP-driven osteoblast differentiation.

Conclusions:

  • A novel mechanism of IL34 action involving direct interaction with BMPs has been characterized.
  • IL34's dual interaction with MCSFR and BMPs is critical for regulating both osteoclast and osteoblast activity, impacting bone development and homeostasis.
  • Further exploration of IL34-BMP interactions may reveal therapeutic strategies for bone-related pathologies and cancer.