Experiences of Functioning in Mood Disorders: Systematic Review and Qualitative Meta-Synthesis.

Area of Science:

• Mental Health Nursing
• Psychiatry
• Qualitative Research

Background:

• Enhancing daily functioning is crucial for recovery in mood disorders like major depressive disorder (MDD) and bipolar disorder (BD).
• Current definitions of functioning in mood disorders are primarily clinician- and researcher-driven.
• A patient-centered understanding of functioning is needed to improve mental health care.

Purpose of the Study:

• To achieve a comprehensive qualitative understanding of patients' lived experiences of functioning in mood disorders (MDD and BD).
• To explore the multifaceted nature of functioning from the perspective of individuals with mood disorders.

Main Methods:

• Systematic literature search of qualitative studies on functioning in mood disorders.
• Inductive thematic synthesis of findings from 38 included studies.
• Analysis of data from 679 participants across 17 countries.

Main Results:

• Four meta-themes emerged: sense of self, connection, mood management, and stigma.
• Stigma was a more prominent theme in bipolar disorder studies compared to major depressive disorder.
• Functioning encompasses broad aspects beyond work and relationships, including self-perception and social interactions.

Conclusions:

• Patient experiences reveal a wide spectrum of functioning in mood disorders, including self-identity and social stigma.
• Mental health nurses play a vital role in mitigating stigma and supporting mood management, connection, and self-perception.
• Interventions targeting these areas can significantly enhance functioning and promote recovery for individuals with mood disorders.