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Exploring Community-Based Residency Programs in High-Need Black Counties.

Michael Topmiller1, Jeongyoung Park1, Freesia Quezada2

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Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Many high-need counties lack nearby community-based residency programs (CBRPs). Expanding CBRPs in underserved areas is crucial for increasing Black primary care physicians and improving health equity.

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Area of Science:

  • Health Services Research
  • Medical Education
  • Health Equity

Background:

  • Primary care physician (PCP) shortages and geographic disparities disproportionately affect Black populations.
  • Racial concordance between providers and patients is linked to better health outcomes.
  • Community-Based Residency Programs (CBRPs) are vital for training physicians in underserved regions.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the spatial relationship between high-need counties for Black populations and the proximity of CBRPs.
  • To identify areas with significant need for primary care physicians that are underserved by existing residency programs.

Main Methods:

  • Geographic Information Systems (GIS) were used to define high-need counties based on PCP capacity and Black population percentage.
  • Proximity analysis identified high-need counties within 25 and 50 miles of CBRPs.

Main Results:

  • 147 high-need counties, primarily in the Southern US, house over 3 million residents.
  • Georgia, Mississippi, North Carolina, and Virginia contain nearly 60% of the Black population in these high-need areas.
  • Approximately 50% of high-need counties are located more than 50 miles from any CBRP, with over a third of these in Georgia, Louisiana, and Virginia.

Conclusions:

  • Targeted funding is essential to expand existing and establish new CBRPs in high-need areas.
  • Strategic placement of CBRPs can increase the number of primary care physicians serving underserved Black communities.
  • Further research should examine all family medicine residency programs and identify optimal locations for new programs.