Association between TyG index with obesity indicators and coronary heart disease: a cohort study

The potential of utilizing the Triglyceride Glucose Index (TyG), along with its combination with obesity indicators, for predicting the risk of coronary heart disease (CHD) in the middle-aged and elderly population remains uncertain. This research aims to conduct a cohort study to assess the predictive capacity of the TyG and its combination with obesity indicators in forecasting the 10-year incidence of new-onset CHD among the middle-aged and elderly population in the Luzhou region. The study population was derived from the The China Cardiometabolic Disease and Cancer Cohort (4C) Study, comprising 8647 ordinary residents meeting specific criteria. The subjects were grouped based on quartiles of TyG, TyG-WC, TyG-WtHR, TyG-BMI, and TyG-WHR, and the occurrence of new-onset coronary heart disease was observed over a 10-year period. The study comprised 8647 participants, with 484 developing new-onset CHD, resulting in an incidence rate of 5.5% of the overall follow-up population. The comparison of new-onset CHD across quartiles of different indicators revealed a statistically significant difference (P < 0.001), with the order being the 4th quartile > 3rd quartile > 2nd quartile > 1st quartile. Cox proportional hazards regression analysis results indicated that, after adjusting for multiple influencing factors, the risk of new-onset CHD gradually increased with the quartiles of the 5 indicators. Specifically, when grouped according to TyG and TyG-WC quartiles, a statistically significant difference (P < 0.05) was observed between the 3rd and 4th quartiles compared to the 1st quartile. The ROC curve analysis results demonstrate that TyG-WC (area under the curve 0.608, P < 0.001) and TyG-WtHR (area under the curve 0.608, P < 0.001) exhibit superior predictive value for new-onset coronary heart disease compared to TyG (area under the curve 0.568, P < 0.001), TyG-BMI (area under the curve 0.576, P < 0.001), and TyG-WHR (area under the curve 0.595, P < 0.001). 1. TyG, TyG-WC, TyG-WtHR, TyG-BMI, and TyG-WHR demonstrate varying degrees of correlation with the incidence of new-onset coronary heart disease in the middle-aged and elderly population. 2. Specifically, TyG-WC may serve as a significant predictive factor for the occurrence of coronary heart disease in the elderly population.