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Determining factors affecting the perceived quality of fire safety signage icons: A structural equation modeling
Yogi Tri Prasetyo1, Alif Bagas Adiutomo2, Yoshiki B Kurata3
1International Bachelor Program in Engineering, Yuan Ze University, 135 Yuan-Tung Road, Chung-Li 32003, Taiwan; Department of Industrial Engineering and Management, Yuan Ze University, 135 Yuan-Tung Road, Chung-Li 32003, Taiwan.
Abstract:
Fire safety signage icons have become extremely important in visual communication, conveying critical information with precision to prevent fire disasters. This study investigates the causal relationships among five cognitive constructs-semantic distance, communicativeness, complexity, layout, and perceived quality-of fire safety signage icons presented in four distinct formats: image-related, concept-related, semi-abstract (ISO 7010:2019), and combined. Two hundred fifty-one participants evaluated 12 pairs of semantic differential scales derived from these constructs. Structural equation modeling revealed that communicativeness exerted the most significant influence on perceived quality, followed by layout and semantic distance, while complexity indirectly affected perceived quality. This pioneering study is the first to uncover and analyze the causal relationships between cognitive factors and an icon's perceived quality. The proposed dimensions and semantic differential scales can also be applied and extended to evaluate other icons beyond fire safety signage.
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