Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Evolutionary Relationships through Genome Comparisons02:54

Evolutionary Relationships through Genome Comparisons

5.7K
Genome comparison is one of the excellent ways to interpret the evolutionary relationships between organisms. The basic principle of genome comparison is that if two species share a common feature, it is likely encoded by the DNA sequence conserved between both species. The advent of genome sequencing technologies in the late 20th century enabled scientists to understand the concept of conservation of domains between species and helped them to deduce evolutionary relationships across diverse...
5.7K
Genetic Variation01:25

Genetic Variation

250
Genetic variation is the diversity in DNA sequences found among individuals of the same species. This diversity is crucial for a species' survival because it helps organisms adapt to environmental changes. Genetic variation begins with fertilization, where an egg and sperm cell merge. Each of these cells carries 23 chromosomes, up to 46 in the fertilized egg. Chromosomes are long DNA strands that contain genes, the basic units of heredity.
Genes exist in different versions called alleles,...
250
Phylogenetic Trees03:21

Phylogenetic Trees

45.0K
Phylogenetic trees come in many forms. It matters in which sequence the organisms are arranged from the bottom to the top of the tree, but the branches can rotate at their nodes without altering the information. The lines connecting individual nodes can be straight, angled, or even curved.
45.0K
Mutation, Gene Flow, and Genetic Drift01:09

Mutation, Gene Flow, and Genetic Drift

57.7K
In a population that is not at Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium, the frequency of alleles changes over time. Therefore, any deviations from the five conditions of Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium can alter the genetic variation of a given population. Conditions that change the genetic variability of a population include mutations, natural selection, non-random mating, gene flow, and genetic drift (small population size).
57.7K
Gene Flow02:39

Gene Flow

34.5K
Gene flow is the transfer of genes among populations, resulting from either the dispersal of gametes or from the migration of individuals.
34.5K
Genetics of Speciation02:16

Genetics of Speciation

18.9K
Speciation is the evolutionary process resulting in the formation of new, distinct species—groups of reproductively isolated populations.
18.9K

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Molecular basis underlying the isoprene emission diversity in Fagaceae.

Plant physiology·2026
Same author

Evolutionary Origin of Prolonged Delayed Fertilization in the Fagaceae.

Ecology and evolution·2026
Same author

A Cross-Climate Comparison of Molecular Phenology in Three Tropical and Temperate Trees.

Plant-environment interactions (Hoboken, N.J.)·2026
Same author

A circadian rheostat drives proton electrochemical gradients to optimize cell-type-specific growth in Arabidopsis.

Cell·2026
Same author

Is Thymic Involution Truly a Deterioration or an Adaptation?

Bulletin of mathematical biology·2026
Same author

Evolution of gene expression in seasonal environments.

eLife·2025

Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 22, 2025

Evaluating Dryocosmus Kuriphilus-induced Damage on Castanea Sativa
07:14

Evaluating Dryocosmus Kuriphilus-induced Damage on Castanea Sativa

Published on: August 30, 2018

7.2K

Branching architecture affects genetic diversity within an individual tree.

Sou Tomimoto1, Yoh Iwasa2, Akiko Satake2

  • 1Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Kyushu University, 744 Motooka, Nishi-ku, Fukuoka 819-0395, Japan; Graduate School of Systems Life Sciences, Kyushu University, 744 Motooka, Nishi-ku, Fukuoka 819-0395, Japan.

Journal of Theoretical Biology
|March 15, 2025
PubMed
Summary

Tree branching architecture influences genetic diversity. Mathematical models show how branch ratios and stem cell behavior impact mutation accumulation, potentially increasing population genetic variation.

Keywords:
Modular organismSomatic genetic driftSomatic mutationsSubindividual variationTree shape

More Related Videos

Using Phylogenetic Analysis to Investigate Eukaryotic Gene Origin
08:57

Using Phylogenetic Analysis to Investigate Eukaryotic Gene Origin

Published on: August 14, 2018

15.8K
Development of an Individual-Tree Basal Area Increment Model using a Linear Mixed-Effects Approach
04:35

Development of an Individual-Tree Basal Area Increment Model using a Linear Mixed-Effects Approach

Published on: July 3, 2020

3.3K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: May 22, 2025

Evaluating Dryocosmus Kuriphilus-induced Damage on Castanea Sativa
07:14

Evaluating Dryocosmus Kuriphilus-induced Damage on Castanea Sativa

Published on: August 30, 2018

7.2K
Using Phylogenetic Analysis to Investigate Eukaryotic Gene Origin
08:57

Using Phylogenetic Analysis to Investigate Eukaryotic Gene Origin

Published on: August 14, 2018

15.8K
Development of an Individual-Tree Basal Area Increment Model using a Linear Mixed-Effects Approach
04:35

Development of an Individual-Tree Basal Area Increment Model using a Linear Mixed-Effects Approach

Published on: July 3, 2020

3.3K

Area of Science:

  • Evolutionary Biology
  • Genetics
  • Mathematical Modeling

Background:

  • Somatic mutations accumulate in trees over time, creating genetic variation within an individual.
  • This within-individual variation can be passed to offspring, contributing to population genetic diversity.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the relationship between branching architecture and within-individual genetic variation using a mathematical model.
  • To understand how parameters like main-lateral ratio (ML) and daughter-mother ratio (DM) affect genetic diversity.

Main Methods:

  • Developed a mathematical model simulating tree branching architecture by adding main and lateral daughter branches.
  • Modeled somatic mutation accumulation in shoot apical meristem (SAM) stem cells during branch elongation.
  • Evaluated genetic variation (Z¯) across tree branches under varying ML and DM ratios, keeping total branch length constant.

Main Results:

  • Mean genetic difference (Z¯) increased monotonically with the main-lateral ratio (ML).
  • Z¯ peaked at intermediate daughter-mother ratios (DM) when SAM stem cells were genetically homogeneous.
  • Z¯ decreased monotonically with DM when SAM stem cells were genetically heterogeneous.

Conclusions:

  • Branching architecture significantly influences the storage of genetic diversity within trees.
  • The impact of branching architecture on genetic variation is modulated by the genetic heterogeneity of stem cells within the shoot apical meristem.
  • This study highlights the importance of branching patterns in evolutionary processes.