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Multivitamin Use and Mammographic Breast Density.

Oreoluwa G Oginni1, Syed Mahfuz Al Hasan2, Adetunji T Toriola3

  • 1Division of Public Health Sciences, Department of Surgery, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, United States; Brown School, Washington University in St. Louis, MO, United States.

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|March 15, 2025
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Summary

Multivitamin use, regardless of frequency, shows no association with mammographic breast density (MBD). Further research is needed on dietary patterns and specific nutrients

Keywords:
mammographic breast densitymenopausal statusmultivitamin useracevolumetric percent density

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Area of Science:

  • Radiology and Imaging
  • Nutritional Science
  • Women's Health

Background:

  • The relationship between multivitamin consumption and mammographic breast density (MBD) remains inconclusive, with prior studies yielding contradictory results.
  • Understanding factors influencing MBD is crucial for breast cancer risk assessment.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To examine the association between multivitamin use and volumetric measures of MBD, including volumetric percent density (VPD), dense volume (DV), and nondense volume (NDV).
  • To investigate these associations in a diverse cohort of women undergoing screening mammography.

Main Methods:

  • A cross-sectional study involving 1083 women was conducted.
  • Participants were categorized by multivitamin intake frequency: nonusers, <1, 1-3, 4-6 days/week, and daily users.
  • Mammographic breast density was quantified using Volpara 1.5 software, and data were analyzed using general linear modeling, adjusting for multiple confounders.

Main Results:

  • No statistically significant association was found between multivitamin use and volumetric percent density (VPD) across all usage frequencies (P = 0.794).
  • Similar null findings were observed for dense volume (DV) and nondense volume (NDV).
  • Subgroup analyses indicated that race and menopausal status did not modify these associations.

Conclusions:

  • This study found no evidence to support an association between multivitamin use and mammographic breast density, irrespective of intake frequency.
  • Further research is warranted to explore the complex interplay between dietary patterns, specific nutrient intake, and MBD.
  • Investigating these interactions may improve our understanding of how dietary factors influence breast density.