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Adipose Mesenchymal Stem Cell Exosomes Regulate Ferroptosis via ATF3 to Attenuate Acute Myocardial Infarction
Linli Chen1, Zhao Liu2, Lu Wang3
1Department of Ultrasound, Hangzhou TCM Hospital Affiliated to Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China chenlinli20082024@163.com.
Objective:
During acute myocardial infarction (AMI), ferroptosis occurs in cardiomyocytes, leading to ventricular remodeling. To investigate the influence of exosomes (Exo) derived from adipose mesenchymal stem cells (AD-MSCs) on cardiomyocytes, a therapeutic approach to resolve AMI may be discovered.
Methods:
The Exo of AD-MSCs was isolated and identified, and internalized into cardiomyocytes. In vitro, oxygen-sugar deprivation (OGD) was performed to cultivate H9C2 cells to simulate the AMI model, and H9C2 cells incubated with Exo. In addition, an AMI rat model was constructed, and Exo was injected into the edge of myocardial infarction. The levels of MDA, Fe2+, GSH, and GPX4 were detected using corresponding kit, the expression levels of ATF3, SLC7A11, PTGS2, and GPX4 were detected using western blot. The oe-ATF3 plasmid was transfected into H9C2 cells to explore the mechanism of ferroptosis regulation by Exo.
Results:
Exo was isolated and identified successfully, and further confirmed that it could be internalized into H9C2 cells. Compared with the control group, the level of apoptosis and ferroptosis in OGD group was significantly increased, while the level of cell vitality was significantly decreased. After Exo treatment, the level of ferroptosis and apoptosis was significantly decreased, while the level of cell vitality was significantly increased. However, after overexpression of ATF3 in cells, it was found that the ferroptosis level down-regulated by Exo was reversed. Further examination of the SLC7A11/Xct system showed that ATF3 could inhibit the expression of SLC7A11. In addition, compared with the AMI+PBS group, the infarct size of the AMI+Exo group was significantly reduced, and the level of cardiomyocyte apoptosis and ferroptosis was also significantly improved.
Conclusion:
Exo derived from AD-MSCs can inhibit the expression of ATF3, promote the transport of Fe2+ by SLC7A11/Xct system, thus inhibiting the ferroptosis of myocardial cells in AMI, increasing the activity of myocardial cells, and playing a role in alleviating AMI.
Insights
Adipose mesenchymal stem cell-derived exosomes (Exo) protect heart cells from ferroptosis during acute myocardial infarction (AMI). This therapy reduces cell death and improves heart function by targeting the ATF3/SLC7A11 pathway.
Area of Science:
- Cardiovascular Biology
- Cellular Medicine
- Regenerative Medicine
Background:
- Acute myocardial infarction (AMI) triggers ferroptosis in cardiomyocytes, contributing to ventricular remodeling.
- Investigating novel therapeutic strategies is crucial for mitigating AMI-induced damage.
Purpose of the Study:
- To explore the therapeutic potential of exosomes derived from adipose mesenchymal stem cells (AD-MSCs) in treating AMI.
- To elucidate the underlying mechanisms by which AD-MSC exosomes influence cardiomyocyte ferroptosis.
Main Methods:
- Isolation and characterization of AD-MSC exosomes.
- Establishment of in vitro (OGD-induced H9C2 cells) and in vivo (AMI rat model) models.
- Assessment of ferroptosis markers (MDA, Fe2+, GSH, GPX4) and protein expression (ATF3, SLC7A11, PTGS2, GPX4).
- Investigation of ATF3's role in ferroptosis regulation via oe-ATF3 plasmid transfection.
Main Results:
- AD-MSC exosomes were successfully isolated, identified, and internalized into cardiomyocytes.
- Exosomes significantly reduced apoptosis and ferroptosis while increasing cell viability in AMI models.
- Overexpression of ATF3 reversed the protective effects of exosomes, indicating ATF3's inhibitory role in the SLC7A11/Xct system.
- Exosome treatment reduced infarct size and improved cardiomyocyte health in AMI rats.
Conclusions:
- AD-MSC exosomes inhibit cardiomyocyte ferroptosis in AMI by downregulating ATF3 expression.
- Exosomes promote Fe2+ transport via the SLC7A11/Xct system, enhancing myocardial cell activity.
- AD-MSC exosomes represent a promising therapeutic approach for alleviating AMI.
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