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Updated: May 22, 2025
Computer-Aided Three-Dimensional Visualization in the Treatment of Locally Advanced Thyroid Cancer
Published on: June 9, 2023
Thyroid cancer
Liyang Tang1, Trevor E Angell2
1Assistant Professor of Clinical Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Keck School of Medicine of USC, 1537 Norfolk St., Health Sciences Campus, Los Angeles, CA 90033, USA.
Abstract:
Thyroid cancer encountered during pregnancy requires a systematic approach balancing risks and benefits to both maternal and fetal health specific to this unique phase of life. Thyroid nodules are common and are predominantly evaluated to detect thyroid cancer. Clinical examination, serum thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH) measurement, ultrasonographic risk stratification, and fine needle aspiration biopsy when indicated are used to assess for malignancy. When thyroid cancer is diagnosed, further evaluation determines whether surgery during gestation is necessary or if delaying surgery until after delivery to minimize fetal and maternal risks is preferred. For patients who have undergone thyroidectomy for thyroid cancer, whether during pregnancy or before it, active management of levothyroxine therapy during pregnancy is recommended to ensure a sufficient thyroid hormone supply for both thyroid cancer treatment and optimal reproductive outcomes. This clinically oriented review summarizes key data, recommendations, and current trends regarding thyroid cancer care in pregnancy.
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