Syncope among adolescents and young adults seeking treatment for cannabis-related injuries

The legalization of cannabis for both recreational and medicinal purposes in numerous states across the United States has resulted in increased accessibility and usage rates. With Tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) potency in cannabis products on the rise, concerns regarding associated health implications, including syncope, have emerged.

This study aims to explore the prevalence and characteristics of cannabis-associated syncope among adolescents and young adults presenting to emergency departments (EDs).

Utilizing data from the National Electronic Injury Surveillance System (NEISS) from 2019 to 2022, a cross sectional study was employed. The sample consisted of adolescents and young adults aged 15-24 years presenting with cannabis-associated injuries, and also screened for syncope.

Cases of cannabis-associated injuries were identified, and those presenting with syncope were analyzed. Epidemiological analyses were conducted to estimate prevalence ratios (PR).

Among the study sample of individuals aged 15-24, 24,922 presented with cannabis-associated injuries, with 5400 of those also screening positive for syncope. The majority of injuries treated were to the head and neck, with falls being the most prevalent mechanism of injury. Comparisons between syncopal and non-syncopal injuries revealed distinct clinical profiles, with approximately 21.7 % of cannabis-associated injuries accompanied by syncope. Moreover, the prevalence of syncope among cannabis users was found to be significantly elevated compared to non-cannabis users (PR = 8.6, 95 % CI 7.1-10.2).

Syncope is a prevalent condition among adolescents and young adults seeking treatment in emergency departments for cannabis-associated injuries. The clinical relevance of cannabis associated syncope as it pertains to cardiovascular anomalies needs further study. As cannabis legislation, usage patterns, and products continue to evolve, a well informed medical care community will be essential.