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Related Concept Videos

Teratogenicity01:07

Teratogenicity

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The ability of a drug to produce structural deformations and functional abnormalities in the developing embryo or the fetus is called teratogenicity, and the drug producing this effect is known as a teratogen. Teratogenic effects include stillbirth, miscarriage, intrauterine growth restriction, and neurocognitive delay. A teratogen may affect the embryo at different stages of development, which is important in determining the type and extent of the damage. During blastocyst formation, the early...
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Bradycardia is a medical condition in which the heart rate is slower than normal. It occurs when the heart's natural pacemaker, the sinus node, generates slower electrical impulses than the standard rhythm. In adults, bradycardia is diagnosed when the pulse rate falls below 60 beats per minute, indicating a deviation from the normal heart rate range.
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 22, 2025

A Rat Model of Mild Intrauterine Hypoperfusion with Microcoil Stenosis
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Risk Factors for Adverse Pregnancy Outcomes in Reduced Fetal Movement: An IPD Meta-Analysis.

Yongyi Lu1, Victoria Palin1, Alexander Heazell1,2

  • 1Maternal and Fetal Health Research Centre, Division of Developmental Biology and Medicine, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, The University of Manchester, Manchester, UK.

BJOG : an International Journal of Obstetrics and Gynaecology
|March 17, 2025
PubMed
Summary

Reduced fetal movements (RFM) increase adverse pregnancy outcomes (APO). Abnormal fetal heart rate, smoking, and medical history are key risk factors. Further research is needed for broader applicability.

Keywords:
IPD‐MAadverse pregnancy outcomecomplicationsdecreased fetal movementfetal growth restrictionfetal surveillanceperinatal mortalityplacentastillbirth

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Area of Science:

  • Obstetrics and Gynecology
  • Perinatal Medicine
  • Reproductive Health

Background:

  • Reduced fetal movements (RFM) are associated with increased risk of adverse pregnancy outcomes (APO).
  • Identifying specific risk factors for APO in RFM pregnancies is crucial for timely intervention.
  • Existing research often lacks the power to precisely quantify these associations.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To identify factors most strongly associated with adverse pregnancy outcomes (APO) in pregnancies experiencing reduced fetal movements (RFM).
  • To leverage individual participant data meta-analysis (IPD-MA) for robust statistical power and accurate risk assessment.
  • To provide evidence-based insights for improved management of RFM pregnancies.

Main Methods:

  • An individual participant data meta-analysis (IPD-MA) was conducted.
  • Data were pooled from 1175 singleton pregnancies with RFM across multiple UK maternity units, including prospective cohorts and RCTs.
  • A composite outcome of APO was analyzed, including stillbirth, fetal growth restriction (FGR), and neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) admission.

Main Results:

  • Adverse pregnancy outcomes (APO) occurred in 7.7% of RFM pregnancies, with FGR being the most frequent complication (4.6%).
  • Strongest associations with APO were abnormal fetal heart rate (aOR=3.65), cigarette smoking (aOR=2.96), and maternal medical history (aOR=2.35).
  • Lower estimated fetal weight (EFW) centile was also associated with APO (aOR=0.97), despite significant heterogeneity.

Conclusions:

  • Individual participant data meta-analysis (IPD-MA) effectively synthesized data, yielding reliable associations by accounting for heterogeneity.
  • Abnormal fetal heart rate, smoking, and maternal medical history are significant risk factors for adverse pregnancy outcomes in RFM pregnancies.
  • Further research is warranted to assess the generalizability of these findings across diverse populations.