Effect of genetic factors on root resorption after orthodontic treatment: A systematic review

Orthodontic treatment is a widely used dental procedure aimed at correcting mal-alignments for improving oral aesthetics. However, a significant proportion of patient's undergoing orthodontic treatment experience root resorption. This is a complex phenomenon characterized by the loss of tooth root structure. Further, the etiology of root resorption is multifaceted with various factors contributing to its development. Moreover, genetic factors play a crucial role in predisposing individuals to root resorption. Therefore, it is of interest to review the effect of genetic factors on root resorption after orthodontic treatment. The link between certain genetic variants with an increased risk of root resorption in orthodontic patients is of interest to dentists. Known data shows that genetic variants in IL1B, IL-6, and P2RX7 genes contribute to the development of root resorption. Thus, hereditary variables have a substantial impact on the occurrence of root resorption in orthodontic patients. Hence, the need for genetic screening to detect individuals who are susceptible to root resorption is highly relevant. Furthermore, knowledge on genetic risk factors can provide valuable insights for creating customised treatment programmes and preventive measures to reduce the likelihood of root resorption.