Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Neural Regulation01:37

Neural Regulation

39.0K
Digestion begins with a cephalic phase that prepares the digestive system to receive food. When our brain processes visual or olfactory information about food, it triggers impulses in the cranial nerves innervating the salivary glands and stomach to prepare for food.
39.0K
Indirect Motor Pathways01:22

Indirect Motor Pathways

1.4K
The indirect motor or extrapyramidal pathways originate in the brainstem, the lower portion of the brain that connects it to the spinal cord. They consist of several distinct tracts, each with specialized functions. The four main tracts of the indirect motor pathways are the vestibulospinal tract, the reticulospinal tract, the tectospinal tract, and the rubrospinal tract.
The vestibulospinal tract originates in the vestibular nuclei of the brainstem. The vestibular system detects changes in...
1.4K

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Machine learning: an approach to preoperatively predict PD-1/PD-L1 expression and outcome in intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma using MRI biomarkers.

ESMO open·2020
Same author

Potential role of imaging for assessing acute pancreatitis-induced acute kidney injury.

The British journal of radiology·2020
Same author

MRI-based radiomics analysis to predict preoperative lymph node metastasis in papillary thyroid carcinoma.

Gland surgery·2020
Same author

Deep Convolutional Neural Network Based on Computed Tomography Images for the Preoperative Diagnosis of Occult Peritoneal Metastasis in Advanced Gastric Cancer.

Frontiers in oncology·2020
Same author

Tibiofemoral Contact Mechanics After Horizontal or Ripstop Suture in Inside-Out and Transtibial Repair for Meniscus Radial Tears in a Porcine Model.

Arthroscopy : the journal of arthroscopic & related surgery : official publication of the Arthroscopy Association of North America and the International Arthroscopy Association·2020
Same author

Inflammatory cytokines enhance procoagulant activity of platelets and endothelial cells through phosphatidylserine exposure in patients with essential hypertension.

Journal of thrombosis and thrombolysis·2020

Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 22, 2025

Environmental Modulations of the Number of Midbrain Dopamine Neurons in Adult Mice
09:35

Environmental Modulations of the Number of Midbrain Dopamine Neurons in Adult Mice

Published on: January 20, 2015

8.7K

Patchy Striatonigral Neurons Modulate Locomotor Vigor in Response to Environmental Valence.

Sarah Hawes1, Bo Liang2,3, Braden Oldham1

  • 1Transgenic Section, Laboratory of Neurogenetics, National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, U.S.A.

Biorxiv : the Preprint Server for Biology
|March 17, 2025
PubMed
Summary

Specific spiny projection neuron (SPN) subtypes in the dorsal striatum control locomotion vigor. Patchy striatonigral neurons were found to constrain motor vigor based on environmental valence, influencing walking speed selection.

Keywords:
dorsal striatumenvironmental valencelocomotionpatchy distributionspiny projection neuronsstriatonigral pathway

More Related Videos

Comprehensive Profiling of Dopamine Regulation in Substantia Nigra and Ventral Tegmental Area
09:54

Comprehensive Profiling of Dopamine Regulation in Substantia Nigra and Ventral Tegmental Area

Published on: August 10, 2012

25.7K
Single Synapse Indicators of Glutamate Release and Uptake in Acute Brain Slices from Normal and Huntington Mice
08:27

Single Synapse Indicators of Glutamate Release and Uptake in Acute Brain Slices from Normal and Huntington Mice

Published on: March 11, 2020

6.1K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: May 22, 2025

Environmental Modulations of the Number of Midbrain Dopamine Neurons in Adult Mice
09:35

Environmental Modulations of the Number of Midbrain Dopamine Neurons in Adult Mice

Published on: January 20, 2015

8.7K
Comprehensive Profiling of Dopamine Regulation in Substantia Nigra and Ventral Tegmental Area
09:54

Comprehensive Profiling of Dopamine Regulation in Substantia Nigra and Ventral Tegmental Area

Published on: August 10, 2012

25.7K
Single Synapse Indicators of Glutamate Release and Uptake in Acute Brain Slices from Normal and Huntington Mice
08:27

Single Synapse Indicators of Glutamate Release and Uptake in Acute Brain Slices from Normal and Huntington Mice

Published on: March 11, 2020

6.1K

Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Motor Control
  • Behavioral Neuroscience

Background:

  • Spiny projection neurons (SPNs) in the dorsal striatum are vital for locomotion and decision-making.
  • SPNs are diverse, with subtypes defined by transcriptomics and distribution, but their role in valence-driven locomotion is unclear.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate how specific SPN subtypes regulate spontaneous locomotion in response to environmental valence.
  • To identify the role of patchy striatonigral neurons in modulating walking speed and zone discrimination.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized Sepw1-Cre transgenic mice to target a specific SPN subtype with patchy distribution.
  • Employed a modified light/dark box test to assess locomotion and zone preference.
  • Conducted in vivo recordings and chemogenetic/optical manipulations to examine neuronal activity and function.

Main Results:

  • Patchy striatonigral neurons were found to constrain motor vigor, particularly during transitions between differently valenced environments.
  • Genetic ablation of these neurons disrupted normal slowing in the dark zone and altered speed-based zone discrimination.
  • Neuronal activity correlated with zone occupancy, speed, and deceleration, highlighting their role in mediating deceleration.

Conclusions:

  • A specific subtype of patchy striatonigral neurons plays a critical role in regulating implicit walking speed selection based on innate environmental valence.
  • These findings elucidate a novel mechanism by which SPN subtypes contribute to adaptive motor behavior in response to environmental cues.