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Characterization of 2,500 Patients with Heart Failure and Analysis of Their Optimal Medical Therapy: Insights from
Alex David Sotomayor-Julio1,2,3, Sebastián Seni-Molina2, Juliana María Gutiérrez-Posso2
1Servicio de Cardiología, Fundación Valle del Lili, Cali, Colombia.
Insights
This study reveals that heart failure (HF) patient profiles in the Americas align with global data, but optimal medical therapy (OMT) adherence is low. Targeted strategies are needed to improve treatment and patient outcomes in the region.
Area of Science:
- Cardiology
- Public Health
- Clinical Research
Background:
- Heart failure (HF) is a major global health concern, leading to significant hospitalizations and mortality.
- Existing HF research predominantly originates from developed nations, creating knowledge gaps for regions like Latin America and the Caribbean.
- Optimal medical therapy (OMT) is crucial for improving HF patient outcomes.
Purpose of the Study:
- To define the sociodemographic and clinical characteristics of heart failure patients in the Americas.
- To evaluate adherence to optimal medical therapy (OMT) among these patients.
- To identify potential disparities in HF care within the Americas.
Main Methods:
- The AMERICCAASS Registry is a prospective, observational, multicenter study.
- Data were collected from 2,500 adult patients diagnosed with HF, encompassing both hospitalized and ambulatory individuals.
- Sociodemographic, clinical data, and adherence to OMT based on left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) were assessed.
Main Results:
- The study included 2,500 HF patients; 36% were hospitalized, 64% ambulatory, with a median age of 66 years.
- The majority of patients had HF with reduced left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF ≤40%).
- Quadruple therapy adherence was low: 21% for reduced LVEF and 12.3% for mildly reduced LVEF.
Conclusions:
- Sociodemographic and clinical profiles of HF patients in the Americas are comparable to international findings.
- Low adherence to OMT in this population highlights significant gaps in guideline implementation.
- There is a critical need for region-specific strategies to enhance pharmacological treatment adherence and improve HF patient outcomes.
Introduction:
Heart failure (HF) is a leading cause of hospitalization and mortality worldwide, emphasizing the critical role of optimal medical therapy (OMT) in improving patient outcomes. Despite extensive research, most scientific evidence regarding HF is gathered and studied in developed countries, leaving substantial knowledge gaps regarding HF in Latin America and the Caribbean.
Objective:
To characterize the sociodemographic and clinical profiles of HF patients and to assess their adherence to OMT in the Americas.
Methods:
The AMERICCAASS Registry is a prospective, observational, multicenter study, including patients aged 18 and older, both hospitalized and ambulatory, and diagnosed with HF. Sociodemographic and clinical data were collected from the first 2,500 patients to characterize the study population. Adherence to OMT was subsequently evaluated according to left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF).
Results:
Among the 2,500 patients in the study, 36% were hospitalized and 64% were ambulatory. The median ages of the patients were 66.9 (hospitalized) and 66.3 years (ambulatory). Males made up 60.8% of hospitalized and 59.3% of ambulatory patients. The majority had HF with reduced LVEF (≤40%): 60.7% for hospitalized and 58.5% for ambulatory. The New York Heart Association (NYHA) functional class II predominated among ambulatory patients (67.9%), while NYHA functional class III predominated among hospitalized patients (46.6%). Only 21% of patients with reduced LVEF were receiving quadruple therapy, whereas 12.3% of patients with mildly reduced LVEF (41-49%) were on this treatment.
Conclusion:
The findings demonstrate that the sociodemographic and clinical profiles of HF patients in the Americas are broadly consistent with international reports. However, the low use of OMT observed in this population underscores gaps in adherence to current guidelines. These results highlight the need for targeted strategies to improve pharmacological treatment adherence to optimize health outcomes in this region.
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