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Published on: January 22, 2022
Unusual ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome presentation: Pleural effusion without ascites. A case report
Íngrid Solsona1, Sara Peralta2, Yasmina Barral2
1Department of Physiological Sciences, Physiology Unit, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Bellvitge Campus, Universitat de Barcelona, IDIBELL, Barcelona 08907, Catalonia, Spain.
Background:
Ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome (OHSS) is a life-threatening complication that can occur in the luteal phase or early pregnancy after controlled ovarian stimulation. This case report highlights a unique manifestation of OHSS involving pleural effusion (PE) in a patient without identifiable risk factors.
Case Summary:
A 39-year-old woman who underwent controlled ovarian hyperstimulation for an in vitro fertilization (IVF) cycle experienced dyspnea on the eleventh day of post oocyte retrieval. The diagnosis was severe OHSS with a unique manifestation of PE without ascites. Clinical management involved fluid balance and treatment with albumin, furosemide, thromboembolic prophylaxis, and thoracentesis. A continued drainage of the pleural cavity was performed. The patient had a favorable outcome, and a dichorionic diamniotic gestation passed without incident.
Conclusion:
OHSS and its potential complications can include respiratory distress and PE, as well as thromboembolic disorders.
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Clinical Manifestations:

