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Surfactant Therapy in Late Preterm Infants with Respiratory Distress in Türkiye: An Observational, Prospective,
Sumru Kavurt1, Nihal Demirel2, İstemi Han Çelik1
1Department of Neonatology, Etlik Zübeyde Hanım Women's Health Training and Research Hospital, University of Health Sciences, Ankara, Türkiye.
Turkish Archives of Pediatrics
|March 17, 2025
Summary
Surfactant therapy is frequently used for late preterm infants with respiratory issues, but its application shows significant variability. This study highlights the common use of surfactant for conditions beyond respiratory distress syndrome in this population.
Area of Science:
- Neonatal Medicine
- Pediatric Pulmonology
- Clinical Research
Background:
- Surfactant therapy (ST) is widely used in late preterm (LPT) infants experiencing respiratory distress.
- However, definitive recommendations for ST in LPT infants are lacking.
- This highlights a need to evaluate current clinical practices.
Purpose of the Study:
- To establish a national prospective database for evaluating surfactant use in LPT infants.
- To analyze the indications and variability of surfactant administration in LPT infants.
Main Methods:
- A multicenter, prospective observational cohort study.
- Involved 16 neonatal intensive care units (NICUs) and 20 neonatologists.
- Collected data on LPT infants treated with surfactant between January 1, 2022, and December 31, 2022.
Main Results:
- A total of 3327 LPT infants were admitted; 288 received surfactant treatment.
- Respiratory distress syndrome (RDS) was the primary indication (54.8%).
- Congenital pneumonia (27.4%) and transient tachypnea of the newborn (TTN) (11.1%) were also common indications.
Conclusions:
- Surfactant therapy is administered with significant variability in LPT infants with respiratory distress.
- Respiratory conditions beyond RDS, including congenital pneumonia and TTN, are frequently treated with surfactant in LPT infants.
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