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Fully Conjugated Co-Self-Assembled Monolayers for Efficient and Stable Inverted Perovskite Solar Cells
Yuanzhong Liu1,2, Xin Yang1,3, Xinliang Ding4
1The Interdisciplinary Research Center Shanghai Advanced Research Institute Chinese Academy of Sciences, 99 Haike Road, Zhangjiang Hi-Tech Park Pudong, Shanghai, 201210, P. R. China.
Small (Weinheim an Der Bergstrasse, Germany)
|March 17, 2025
Summary
A new molecule, CzTPA, improves perovskite solar cell performance by ensuring uniform distribution of Me-4PACz, enhancing charge transport, and minimizing defects. This leads to higher efficiency and improved stability in perovskite solar cells.
Area of Science:
- Materials Science
- Chemical Engineering
- Renewable Energy
Background:
- Inhomogeneous distribution of [4-(3,6-dimethyl-9H-carbazol-9-yl)butyl]phosphonic acid (Me-4PACz) on substrates challenges high-quality perovskite film growth.
- Flexible alkyl chains in Me-4PACz impede intermolecular interactions and charge flow, causing interfacial losses.
Purpose of the Study:
- To design a novel molecule, CzTPA, for co-self-assembled monolayers (Co-SAM) with Me-4PACz.
- To improve the distribution of Me-4PACz on NiOₓ substrates.
- To enhance charge transport and minimize interfacial defects in perovskite solar cells.
Main Methods:
- Designed and synthesized CzTPA, incorporating 4-Methoxy-N-(4-methoxyphenyl)-N-phenylaniline (TPA) and a carbazole backbone.
- Utilized CzTPA in conjunction with Me-4PACz to form Co-SAMs on NiOₓ.
- Investigated the passivation of uncoordinated Pb²⁺ by the methoxy group on TPA.
- Analyzed the restraint of Me-4PACz self-aggregation through interaction with the TPA group of CzTPA.
Main Results:
- Achieved homogeneous distribution of Me-4PACz on NiOₓ with CzTPA modification.
- Enhanced charge transport and minimized buried interfacial defects.
- Increased power conversion efficiency (PCE) of 1.54-eV perovskite solar cells (PSCs) from 23.53% to 25.66%.
- Demonstrated sustained efficiency of 91.4% after 1992 hours of continuous illumination at 65°C.
- Attained a PCE of 22.75% for a 1.68-eV wide-bandgap PSC with good photostability.
Conclusions:
- CzTPA effectively co-assembles with Me-4PACz, leading to improved perovskite film quality and device performance.
- The novel CzTPA molecule enhances interfacial properties, charge dynamics, and stability of perovskite solar cells.
- This strategy offers a promising pathway for developing highly efficient and stable perovskite solar cells.
