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Insensitive Nuclei Enhanced by Polarization Transfer (INEPT) is an advanced Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR) technique specifically designed to detect and enhance the signals of low-abundance nuclei, such as carbon-13 and nitrogen-15, in small molecules. The fundamental principle behind INEPT is the transfer of polarization from a more abundant and highly polarizable nucleus, typically hydrogen-1, to the low-abundance nucleus of interest. This process effectively boosts the NMR signal of the...
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Magnetization transfer imaging using non-balanced SSFP at ultra-low field.

Sharada Balaji1, Neale Wiley1, Adam Dvorak1

  • 1Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada.

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Ultra-low field MRI enables frequent, accessible monitoring of white matter disorders like multiple sclerosis. Magnetization transfer (MT) imaging at 64 mT provides a rapid, reproducible myelin biomarker for improved patient care.

Keywords:
magnetization transfer ratiomultiple sclerosismyelin imagingportable point‐of‐care MRIultralow‐field MRI

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Area of Science:

  • Medical Imaging
  • Neuroscience
  • Biomarkers

Background:

  • Ultra-low field MRI offers improved access and frequent monitoring for diseases.
  • White matter disorders benefit from sensitive imaging like magnetization transfer (MT).

Purpose of the Study:

  • Develop and validate an on-resonance MT imaging approach for ultra-low field MRI (64 mT).
  • Assess the feasibility of using MT imaging for myelin-sensitive assessment in white matter disorders.

Main Methods:

  • Implemented an on-resonance MT imaging sequence on a 64 mT scanner.
  • Utilized non-balanced steady-state free precession sequence.
  • Conducted phantom and in vivo experiments to optimize and validate the sequence.

Main Results:

  • T1 and T2 effects were found to have negligible impact on MT weighting.
  • Healthy white matter showed MT ratio (MTR) values of 23.1 ± 1.0% with high reproducibility (CV 1.04%).
  • A multiple sclerosis participant exhibited lower MTR values in normal-appearing white matter compared to a healthy control.

Conclusions:

  • An on-resonance MT imaging method at 64 mT was successfully developed.
  • This technique can be performed rapidly (as little as 4 minutes).
  • A semi-quantitative, myelin-sensitive imaging biomarker is now available for assessing myelination and demyelination at ultra-low field strengths.