Experimental implementation of design of an asynchronous machine-based wind emulator using backstepping control

The development of renewable energies, particularly wind power, requires high-performance system modeling and optimization tools. Wind turbine emulators can reproduce the behavior of real wind turbines, facilitating the development and validation of control strategies in a secure, flexible environment. Wind turbine emulators must ensure accurate tracking of wind profiles, robustness to disturbances, and optimized execution in real-time, despite computational and hardware constraints. In addition, their extension to hybrid systems and smart grids imposes requirements in terms of integration and advanced energy management, making their design and implementation particularly complex. This paper presents an experimental examination into a revolutionary technique to wind turbine simulation. It details the design, analysis, and construction of a wind turbine that can stimulate both a real wind turbine's dynamic and static characteristics. The physical configuration of this simulator faithfully mimics the operation of a genuine wind turbine. To achieve a cost-effective and efficient emulation, an asynchronous machine (ASM) was chosen over a direct current (DC) machine since it is substantially less expensive, making it a better choice for wind turbine emulation. A backstepping control approach was applied to stabilize the ASM's operation by regulating its flux and controlling rotational speed, resulting in smooth and reliable performance. The primary objective of this approach is to develop a progressive control legislation that guarantees the overall stability of the system. The proposed method was first validated using MATLAB/Simulink simulations. The simulation findings were then validated using a Hardware-in-the-Loop (HIL) test for backstepping control on the dSPACE 1104 platform. The results demonstrate the efficacy of the method in evaluating robustness and performance, confirming its potential for advanced wind energy applications.