Trajectories of depression predict patterns of resilience following loss and potentially traumatic events

A key conceptual issue in the resilience literature centers on whether the presence of resilience in one domain corresponds to positive adaptation in other areas. The present studies investigated whether an individual's likelihood of demonstrating resilience in their trajectory of depressive symptoms would be associated with positive adjustment in psychological, functional, and health-related domains following exposure to spinal cord injury, bereavement, and heart attack. In each study, we utilized growth mixture and robust linear mixed-effects modeling to examine the associations between depression-based trajectories and multiple domains of positive adjustment. Results from all three studies indicated that, on average, individuals who exhibited trajectories of resilience in relation to depressive symptoms concurrently experienced better quality of life, perceived manageability, self-esteem, cognition, and body mass index (BMI). Further, a higher probability of belonging to the resilient trajectory class was linked to higher quality of life, B = 33.78, 95% CI [24.31, 42.91]; perceived manageability, B = 3.44, 95% CI [1.54, 5.21]; cognitive functioning, B = 2.30, 95% CI [1.32, 3.27]; and healthier BMI, B = -1.02, 95% CI [-1.89, -0.17]. Together, these findings illustrate that it is possible to utilize symptoms of depression to predict patterns of resilience across several clinically meaningful domains.