Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 7, 2026

A New Single Chamber Implantable Defibrillator with Atrial Sensing: A Practical Demonstration of Sensing and Ease of Implantation
16:40

A New Single Chamber Implantable Defibrillator with Atrial Sensing: A Practical Demonstration of Sensing and Ease of Implantation

Published on: February 28, 2012

26.1K

Outcomes in Patients With Mitral Annular Disjunction and an Implantable-Cardioverter Defibrillator

Fatima M Ezzeddine1, Jee Won Jennifer Shin2, Konstantinos C Siontis1

  • 1Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA.

Journal of Cardiovascular Electrophysiology
|March 18, 2025
PubMed

Insights

Mitral annular disjunction (MAD) patients with implantable cardioverter-defibrillators (ICDs) frequently receive appropriate therapies, particularly for polymorphic ventricular tachycardia or fibrillation. History of sudden cardiac arrest and low ejection fraction predict these therapies.

Area of Science:

  • Cardiology
  • Electrophysiology
  • Medical Devices

Background:

  • Mitral annular disjunction (MAD) is associated with increased risk of life-threatening ventricular arrhythmias and sudden cardiac death.
  • Implantable cardioverter-defibrillators (ICDs) are often implanted in these patients, but their outcomes are not well-established.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate ICD implantation outcomes in patients with MAD.
  • To identify predictors of appropriate ICD therapies in this population.

Main Methods:

  • Retrospective analysis of 49 patients with MAD who underwent ICD implantation.
  • Collection of clinical, electrocardiographic, cardiac imaging, and device therapy data.
  • Assessment of appropriate and inappropriate ICD therapies during follow-up.

Main Results:

  • Nearly half (47%) of patients received ICD therapies, with 37% experiencing appropriate therapies.
  • Appropriate therapies were more common in secondary prevention (44%) versus primary prevention (15%) indications.
  • History of sudden cardiac arrest and low left ventricular ejection fraction were predictors of appropriate ICD therapies.

Conclusions:

  • Appropriate ICD therapies are common in patients with MAD.
  • Polymorphic ventricular tachycardia/ventricular fibrillation were the most frequent indications for appropriate ICD therapies.
  • Further research is needed to understand arrhythmia mechanisms and improve risk stratification in MAD.
Abstract

Keywords:
ICD dischargedefibrillatormitral annular disjunctionmitral valvemitral valve prolapseventricular arrhythmia

More Related Videos

A Simplified Stepwise Approach to Echo Guidance during Percutaneous Mitral Valve Repair08:31

A Simplified Stepwise Approach to Echo Guidance during Percutaneous Mitral Valve Repair

Published on: October 16, 2021

3.8K
Cox-Maze IV Procedure Concomitant with Valvular Surgery In Situs Inversus Dextrocardia: A Single-Center Experience in China08:42

Cox-Maze IV Procedure Concomitant with Valvular Surgery In Situs Inversus Dextrocardia: A Single-Center Experience in China

Published on: February 11, 2022

3.3K

Related Concept Videos

Mitral Valve Prolapse II: Assessment and Management01:22

Mitral Valve Prolapse II: Assessment and Management

IntroductionA range of clinical features characterizes Mitral Valve Prolapse (MVP), but it is important to note that many individuals with MVP are asymptomatic and may remain so throughout their lives. For those who do exhibit symptoms, the following are the key clinical features:Palpitations: This is a common symptom where individuals feel an irregular or rapid heartbeat. Palpitations in MVP are often due to arrhythmias such as premature ventricular contractions or supraventricular tachycardia.
Mitral Regurgitation I: Introduction01:20

Mitral Regurgitation I: Introduction

Mitral regurgitation is characterized by the backward circulation of blood from the left ventricle to the left atrium during systole, a phase of the cardiac cycle when the heart contracts and pumps blood out of the chambers. This abnormal flow occurs primarily due to the dysfunction of the mitral valve or its supporting structures, which include the mitral leaflets, chordae tendineae, annulus, and papillary muscles.Etiology and Mechanisms:Primary Mitral Regurgitation: This type arises from...
Mitral Regurgitation III: Medical Management01:25

Mitral Regurgitation III: Medical Management

Mitral regurgitation (MR) is characterized by retrograde blood circulation from the left ventricle into the left atrium due to inadequate mitral valve closure. The severity of the condition, symptoms, and underlying cause determine treatment strategies.Monitoring and Pharmacological TreatmentPatients with mild to moderate MR typically do not need immediate intervention but regular monitoring to assess progression and guide treatment. Patients with mild MR should have an echocardiogram every 3-5...
Mitral Stenosis III: Medical Management01:26

Mitral Stenosis III: Medical Management

Mitral stenosis, a condition marked by the narrowing of the mitral valve, necessitates an integrated approach for effective management. This approach includes preventative measures, medical therapy, and surgical interventions to reduce symptoms and prevent complications.PreventionPrevention of mitral stenosis primarily focuses on reducing the incidence of bacterial infections, particularly streptococcal infections, which can lead to rheumatic fever and subsequent valvular damage. Timely...
Cardiomyopathy II: Dilated Cardiomyopathy01:30

Cardiomyopathy II: Dilated Cardiomyopathy

Dilated cardiomyopathy, or DCM, is a progressive myocardial disorder characterized by ventricular chamber dilation and contractile dysfunction.EtiologyVarious factors can cause DCM, including hypertension and heavy alcohol intake, which contribute to the weakening and enlargement of the heart muscle. Viral infections, such as Coxsackievirus B, adenoviruses, and influenza, can lead to DCM by causing inflammation and damage to heart tissue. Certain chemotherapeutic agents, including daunorubicin,...
Cardiomyopathy V: Interprofessional Care01:29

Cardiomyopathy V: Interprofessional Care

Managing cardiomyopathy involves addressing underlying or precipitating causes, treating heart failure with medications, and implementing dietary changes and a balanced exercise and rest regimen.Lifestyle ModificationsCardiomyopathy patients should adopt a low-sodium diet to reduce fluid retention and manage heart failure. A personalized exercise and rest plan helps maintain physical fitness without overstraining the heart. Avoiding alcohol and tobacco is essential to prevent further damage to...