Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Inhalational Anesthetics: Overview01:20

Inhalational Anesthetics: Overview

964
Inhalation anesthetics are drugs that induce general anesthesia upon inhalation. They work by increasing the sensitivity of GABAA receptors or inhibiting NMDA receptors, leading to a decrease in central nervous system activity. The depth of anesthesia can be rapidly adjusted by changing the concentration of the inhaled gas. Some common examples of inhalational anesthetics include volatile liquids like isoflurane, desflurane, sevoflurane and gases like xenon and nitrous oxide. Isoflurane, a...
964
Stages of General Anesthesia01:22

Stages of General Anesthesia

1.4K
Various sedation levels offer significant advantages in facilitating procedural interventions for patients undergoing medical or invasive surgical procedures. These levels span from anxiolysis to general anesthesia, providing a spectrum of sedative effects to cater to specific patient needs. Anxiolysis reduces anxiety and is achieved through minimal sedation, enabling patients to remain awake and responsive while feeling more at ease during the procedure. This level can benefit minor...
1.4K
Acute Respiratory Failure-IV01:23

Acute Respiratory Failure-IV

494
Respiratory failure can manifest suddenly or gradually, characterized by a rapid decline in PaO2 and a rapid rise in PaCO2. This situation indicates a severe respiratory problem that may quickly become a life-threatening emergency. One of the early signs of hypoxemic Acute Respiratory Failure (ARF) is a change in mental status due to the brain's sensitivity to oxygen levels and changes in acid-base balance. Symptoms such as restlessness, confusion, and agitation suggest inadequate oxygen...
494
Parenteral Anesthetics: Overview01:24

Parenteral Anesthetics: Overview

554
Intravenous anesthetics are drugs administered parenterally to induce anesthesia or sedation. Propofol is a widely used agent formulated as a 1% emulsion in soybean oil, glycerol, and egg phosphatide. It induces rapid anesthesia primarily due to its rapid distribution from the bloodstream to target tissues and is metabolized in the liver. However, it can cause significant pain on injection and hypertriglyceridemia. Fospropofol, a water-based prodrug of propofol, lacks these adverse effects.
554
Sedatives and Hypnotics: Overview01:23

Sedatives and Hypnotics: Overview

1.3K
Sedatives are drugs that alleviate anxiety, while hypnotics induce sleep. Both classes of medication suppress neuronal activity, leading to a calming effect for sedatives and facilitating sleep for hypnotics.
Sedative-hypnotics are categorized into barbiturates, benzodiazepines (BZDs), and non-benzodiazepines or Z-drugs. These drugs work by suppressing central nervous system activity, and this suppression is dose-dependent. Older sedative medications, like barbiturates, follow a linear curve in...
1.3K
Acute Respiratory Failure-II01:21

Acute Respiratory Failure-II

992
Type I Respiratory Failure, or hypoxemic respiratory failure, occurs when the partial pressure of oxygen (PaO2) in arterial blood falls below 60 mmHg while breathing room air without a corresponding increase in arterial carbon dioxide levels (PaCO2). This condition highlights a significant impairment in the lungs' capacity to oxygenate the blood.
The underlying physiological abnormalities that contribute to hypoxemic respiratory failure include:
992

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

When Pneumonia Leads to Sepsis: Clinical Phenotypes and Therapeutic Challenges.

Anaesthesia, critical care & pain medicine·2026
Same author

Clinical evaluation of the SeptiScore biomarker for the diagnosis of healthcare-associated infections in critically ill trauma patients: a multicenter derivation and validation cohort study.

BMC anesthesiology·2026
Same author

Reframing sepsis through resistance, disease tolerance and damage: a clinically meaningful conceptual shift?

Intensive care medicine·2026
Same author

Impact of sex on outcomes in critically ill patients with subarachnoid hemorrhage: a secondary analysis of a French prospective cohort study.

Journal of anesthesia, analgesia and critical care·2026
Same author

Efficacy of intraoperative use of 20% albumin in combination with Ringer's lactate versus Ringer's lactate during cytoreductive surgery with hyperthermic intraperitoneal chemotherapy: protocol for a randomised controlled, open-label clinical trial (ALBUCHIP trial).

BMJ open·2026
Same author

Longitudinal gut microbiome dynamics are associated with clinical outcome and toxicity during ibrutinib therapy.

Gut microbes·2026

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jan 10, 2026

Halogenated Agent Delivery in Porcine Model of Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome via an Intensive Care Unit Type Device
09:36

Halogenated Agent Delivery in Porcine Model of Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome via an Intensive Care Unit Type Device

Published on: September 24, 2020

3.1K

Inhaled Sedation in Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome: The SESAR Randomized Clinical Trial.

Matthieu Jabaudon1,2, Jean-Pierre Quenot3, Julio Badie4

  • 1Department of Perioperative Medicine, CHU Clermont-Ferrand, Clermont-Ferrand, France.

JAMA
|March 18, 2025
PubMed
Summary

Inhaled sevoflurane sedation for acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) patients led to fewer ventilator-free days and lower 90-day survival compared to intravenous propofol. This study highlights potential risks of sevoflurane in ARDS management.

More Related Videos

In Vitro Method to Control Concentrations of Halogenated Gases in Cultured Alveolar Epithelial Cells
04:56

In Vitro Method to Control Concentrations of Halogenated Gases in Cultured Alveolar Epithelial Cells

Published on: October 23, 2018

7.0K
Drug-Induced Sleep Endoscopy DISE with Target Controlled Infusion TCI and Bispectral Analysis in Obstructive Sleep Apnea
07:54

Drug-Induced Sleep Endoscopy DISE with Target Controlled Infusion TCI and Bispectral Analysis in Obstructive Sleep Apnea

Published on: December 6, 2016

20.5K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jan 10, 2026

Halogenated Agent Delivery in Porcine Model of Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome via an Intensive Care Unit Type Device
09:36

Halogenated Agent Delivery in Porcine Model of Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome via an Intensive Care Unit Type Device

Published on: September 24, 2020

3.1K
In Vitro Method to Control Concentrations of Halogenated Gases in Cultured Alveolar Epithelial Cells
04:56

In Vitro Method to Control Concentrations of Halogenated Gases in Cultured Alveolar Epithelial Cells

Published on: October 23, 2018

7.0K
Drug-Induced Sleep Endoscopy DISE with Target Controlled Infusion TCI and Bispectral Analysis in Obstructive Sleep Apnea
07:54

Drug-Induced Sleep Endoscopy DISE with Target Controlled Infusion TCI and Bispectral Analysis in Obstructive Sleep Apnea

Published on: December 6, 2016

20.5K

Area of Science:

  • Critical Care Medicine
  • Respiratory Medicine
  • Anesthesiology

Background:

  • The optimal sedation strategy for mechanically ventilated adults with acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) remains unclear.
  • Investigating differential effects of inhaled versus intravenous sedation on ARDS patient outcomes is crucial.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To compare the efficacy and safety of inhaled sevoflurane with intravenous propofol for sedation in patients diagnosed with ARDS.
  • To evaluate the impact of different sedation methods on key clinical outcomes in ARDS.

Main Methods:

  • A Phase 3, randomized, open-label, assessor-blinded clinical trial involving 687 adults with moderate to severe ARDS.
  • Patients received either inhaled sevoflurane or intravenous propofol for sedation for up to 7 days.
  • Primary endpoint: ventilator-free days at 28 days; key secondary endpoint: 90-day survival.

Main Results:

  • Inhaled sevoflurane was associated with fewer ventilator-free days at day 28 (median difference: -2.1 days) compared to propofol.
  • 90-day survival rates were lower with sevoflurane (47.1%) versus propofol (55.7%).
  • Sevoflurane also showed higher 7-day mortality and fewer ICU-free days.

Conclusions:

  • Inhaled sedation with sevoflurane in moderate to severe ARDS patients resulted in poorer outcomes than intravenous propofol.
  • These findings suggest that propofol may be a safer and more effective sedation choice for ARDS patients.
  • Further research may explore alternative inhaled agents or refine sevoflurane use in this population.